昂丹司琼

昂丹司琼
临床资料
商品名（英语：Drug nomenclature）	Zofran, Ondisolv, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a601209
怀孕分级	澳: B1 ; ;
给药途径	by mouth, rectal, IV, IM
ATC码	A04AA01 (WHO) ;
法律规范状态
法律规范	澳：限医生处方（S4）; 加：处方药（℞-only）; 英：处方药（℞-only） (POM); 美：处方药（℞-only）;
药物动力学数据
生物利用度	~60%
血浆蛋白结合率	70%-76%
药物代谢	Liver (CYP3A4, CYP1A2, CYP2D6)
生物半衰期	5.7 hours
排泄途径	Kidney
识别信息
	IUPAC命名法 (RS)-9-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1H-carbazol-4(9H)-one; ;
CAS号	99614-02-5
PubChem CID	4595;
IUPHAR/BPS	2290;
DrugBank	DB00904 ;
ChemSpider	4434 ;
UNII	4AF302ESOS;
KEGG	D00456 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL46 ;
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID8023393 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.110.918
化学信息
化学式	C18H19N3O
摩尔质量	293.4 g/mol
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））	交互式图像;
	SMILES O=C3c2c1ccccc1n(c2CCC3Cn4ccnc4C)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C18H19N3O/c1-12-19-9-10-21(12)11-13-7-8-16-17(18(13)22)14-5-3-4-6-15(14)20(16)2/h3-6,9-10,13H,7-8,11H2,1-2H3 ; Key:FELGMEQIXOGIFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;

昂丹司琼（Ondansetron），常见商品名 Zofran，是一种用于减少手术、化疗、放射治疗后，恶心呕吐的药物^[1]。亦可用于治疗肠胃炎^[2]^[3]。但对于动晕症几乎无治疗效果^[4]。本品可经口服给药，也可以肌肉注射或静脉注射使用^[1]。

常见的副作用包括腹泻、头痛、嗜睡和皮肤搔痒^[1]。严重的话可能诱发QT波延长或是全身性过敏反应^[1]。妊娠期间用药似为安全，但相关证据仍不足够^[1]。此药物是一种高专一性的血清素5-HT₃受体拮抗剂（英语：5-HT3 antagonist）^[1]，并不会针对多巴胺受体或蕈碱类受器^[5]。

昂丹司琼在1990年首次被作为药物使用^[6]。本品列名于世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单，该清单纪录了一般卫生体系最需要的药物^[7]。目前已是学名药^[1]。其于发展中国家的每剂注射剂型批发价约介于0.1到0.76美金^[8]。在美国，每颗药物大约花费1.37美金^[1]。

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 Ondansetron Hydrochloride. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [February 11, 2017]. （原始内容存档于2016-05-03）.
^ Schnadower, D; Finkelstein, Y; Freedman, SB. Ondansetron and probiotics in the management of pediatric acute gastroenteritis in developed countries.. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology. January 2015, 31 (1): 1–6. PMID 25333367. doi:10.1097/mog.0000000000000132.
^ Freedman, SB; Ali, S; Oleszczuk, M; Gouin, S; Hartling, L. Treatment of acute gastroenteritis in children: an overview of systematic reviews of interventions commonly used in developed countries.. Evidence-based child health : a Cochrane review journal. July 2013, 8 (4): 1123–37. PMID 23877938. doi:10.1002/ebch.1932.
^ Sutton, M; Mounsey, AL; Russell, RG. FPIN's Clinical Inquiries. Treatment of motion sickness.. American Family Physician. 15 July 2012, 86 (2): 192–5. PMID 22962932.
^ Miloro, ed. by Michael. Peterson's principles of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 3rd. Shelton, CT: People's Medical Pub. House-USA. 2012: 86 [2018-02-03]. ISBN 978-1-60795-111-7. （原始内容存档于2016-02-01）.
^ Sneader, Walter. Drug discovery: a history Rev. and updated. Chichester: Wiley. 2005: 217 [2018-02-03]. ISBN 978-0-471-89979-2. （原始内容存档于2016-02-01）.
^ WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List) (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015 [8 December 2016]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-12-13）.
^ Ondansetron. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [26 January 2016]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-10）.

外部链接

U.S. National Library of Medicine: Drug Information Portal – Ondansetron （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

Template:5-HT3 antagonists

[AHFS2016-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 Ondansetron Hydrochloride. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [February 11, 2017]. （原始内容存档于2016-05-03）.

[2] Schnadower, D; Finkelstein, Y; Freedman, SB. Ondansetron and probiotics in the management of pediatric acute gastroenteritis in developed countries.. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology. January 2015, 31 (1): 1–6. PMID 25333367. doi:10.1097/mog.0000000000000132.

[3] Freedman, SB; Ali, S; Oleszczuk, M; Gouin, S; Hartling, L. Treatment of acute gastroenteritis in children: an overview of systematic reviews of interventions commonly used in developed countries.. Evidence-based child health : a Cochrane review journal. July 2013, 8 (4): 1123–37. PMID 23877938. doi:10.1002/ebch.1932.

[4] Sutton, M; Mounsey, AL; Russell, RG. FPIN's Clinical Inquiries. Treatment of motion sickness.. American Family Physician. 15 July 2012, 86 (2): 192–5. PMID 22962932.

[Mil2012-5] Miloro, ed. by Michael. Peterson's principles of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 3rd. Shelton, CT: People's Medical Pub. House-USA. 2012: 86 [2018-02-03]. ISBN 978-1-60795-111-7. （原始内容存档于2016-02-01）.

[6] Sneader, Walter. Drug discovery: a history Rev. and updated. Chichester: Wiley. 2005: 217 [2018-02-03]. ISBN 978-0-471-89979-2. （原始内容存档于2016-02-01）.

[WHO19th-7] WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List) (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015 [8 December 2016]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-12-13）.

[8] Ondansetron. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [26 January 2016]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-10）.

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