鋦-247

鋦-247，²⁴⁷Cm^[1]^[2]
基本
符號	247Cm
名稱	鋦-247、Cm-247
原子序	96
中子數	151
CAS號	7440-51-9
核素數據
豐度	人造同位素
半衰期	1.56(5)×107 年
衰變產物	243Pu
原子量	247.070353(4) u
自旋	9/2−
過剩能量	65533(4) keV
結合能	1852977(4) keV
衰變模式
衰變類型	衰變能量（MeV）
α	5.354(3)
	鋦的同位素 ; 完整核素表

鋦-247（²⁴⁷Cm）是一種鋦的同位素。它是鋦最穩定的同位素，半衰期1560萬年，比更重元素的半衰期長至少一萬倍。它是在r過程中產生的絕種核素（英語：extinct radionuclide）。^[3]^[4]它發現於1954年。^[5]

存量

相較於地球的年齡（45.4億年），²⁴⁷Cm的半衰期太短，因此原生（英語：Primordial nuclide）的²⁴⁷Cm都早已衰變成²³⁵U，成為絕種核素。^[6]^[7]富鈣鋁包體中的鈾同位素豐度異常很可能源自原生²⁴⁷Cm的衰變。^[7]痕量的²⁴⁷Cm可能隨宇宙射線來到地球，但這點未被確認。^[6]

合成

天然的²⁴⁷Cm來自中子星碰撞時發生的r過程。^[7]人造的²⁴⁷Cm則通過中子轟擊²⁴⁴Cm而成，然後與產生的其它鋦同位素分離。^[8]^[9]

參考資料

^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae （英語）.
^ Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references. Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
^ Côté, Benoit; Eichler, Marius; Yagüe López, Andrés; Vassh, Nicole; Mumpower, Matthew R.; Világos, Blanka; Soós, Benjámin; Arcones, Almudena; Sprouse, Trevor M.; Surman, Rebecca; Pignatari, Marco; Pető, Mária K.; Wehmeyer, Benjamin; Rauscher, Thomas; Lugaro, Maria. ¹²⁹I and ²⁴⁷Cm in meteorites constrain the last astrophysical source of solar r-process elements. Science. 2021-02-26, 371 (6532): 945–948. Bibcode:2021Sci...371..945C. PMID 33632846. S2CID 232050526. arXiv:2006.04833 . doi:10.1126/science.aba1111.
^ Davis, A.M.; McKeegan, K.D. Short-Lived Radionuclides and Early Solar System Chronology. Treatise on Geochemistry. 2014: 383. ISBN 9780080983004. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00113-3.
^ Fry, C.; Thoennessen, M. Discovery of isotopes of the transuranium elements with 93≤Z≤98. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables. 2013, 99 (1): 96–114 [2025-04-07]. doi:10.1016/j.adt.2012.04.001 .
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Thornton, Brett F.; Burdette, Shawn C. Neutron stardust and the elements of Earth. Nature Chemistry. 2019, 11 (1): 4–10 [2025-04-09]. Bibcode:2019NatCh..11....4T. PMID 30552435. S2CID 54632815. doi:10.1038/s41557-018-0190-9.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Davis, Andrew M. Short-Lived Nuclides in the Early Solar System: Abundances, Origins, and Applications. Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science. 2022, 72: 339–363 [2025-04-09]. doi:10.1146/annurev-nucl-010722-074615 .
^ Lumetta, Gregg J.; Thompson, Major C.; Penneman, Robert A.; Eller, P. Gary. Curium (PDF). Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean (編). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements 3rd. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science+Business Media. 2006: 1401. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2010-07-17）.
^ Ahmad, I.; Kondev, F. G.; Gott, M.; Greene, J. P.; Teh, K. α decay of the longest-lived Cm isotope: 247
96Cm. Physical Review C. 2022-12-26, 106 (6) [2025-04-09]. ISSN 2469-9985. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.106.064329 .

[NUBASE2020-1] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae （英語）.

[AME2020_II-2] Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references. Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.

[Cm-Côté-3] Côté, Benoit; Eichler, Marius; Yagüe López, Andrés; Vassh, Nicole; Mumpower, Matthew R.; Világos, Blanka; Soós, Benjámin; Arcones, Almudena; Sprouse, Trevor M.; Surman, Rebecca; Pignatari, Marco; Pető, Mária K.; Wehmeyer, Benjamin; Rauscher, Thomas; Lugaro, Maria. ¹²⁹I and ²⁴⁷Cm in meteorites constrain the last astrophysical source of solar r-process elements. Science. 2021-02-26, 371 (6532): 945–948. Bibcode:2021Sci...371..945C. PMID 33632846. S2CID 232050526. arXiv:2006.04833 . doi:10.1126/science.aba1111.

[Cm-Davis-4] Davis, A.M.; McKeegan, K.D. Short-Lived Radionuclides and Early Solar System Chronology. Treatise on Geochemistry. 2014: 383. ISBN 9780080983004. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00113-3.

[5] Fry, C.; Thoennessen, M. Discovery of isotopes of the transuranium elements with 93≤Z≤98. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables. 2013, 99 (1): 96–114 [2025-04-07]. doi:10.1016/j.adt.2012.04.001 .

[ThorntonBurdette-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Thornton, Brett F.; Burdette, Shawn C. Neutron stardust and the elements of Earth. Nature Chemistry. 2019, 11 (1): 4–10 [2025-04-09]. Bibcode:2019NatCh..11....4T. PMID 30552435. S2CID 54632815. doi:10.1038/s41557-018-0190-9.

[Davis-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Davis, Andrew M. Short-Lived Nuclides in the Early Solar System: Abundances, Origins, and Applications. Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science. 2022, 72: 339–363 [2025-04-09]. doi:10.1146/annurev-nucl-010722-074615 .

[haire-8] Lumetta, Gregg J.; Thompson, Major C.; Penneman, Robert A.; Eller, P. Gary. Curium (PDF). Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean (編). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements 3rd. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science+Business Media. 2006: 1401. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2010-07-17）.

[9] Ahmad, I.; Kondev, F. G.; Gott, M.; Greene, J. P.; Teh, K. α decay of the longest-lived Cm isotope: 247
96Cm. Physical Review C. 2022-12-26, 106 (6) [2025-04-09]. ISSN 2469-9985. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.106.064329 .

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