锔-247

锔-247，²⁴⁷Cm^[1]^[2]
基本
符号	247Cm
名称	锔-247、Cm-247
原子序	96
中子数	151
CAS号	7440-51-9
核素数据
丰度	人造同位素
半衰期	1.56(5)×107 年
衰变产物	243Pu
原子量	247.070353(4) u
自旋	9/2−
过剩能量	65533(4) keV
结合能	1852977(4) keV
衰变模式
衰变类型	衰变能量（MeV）
α	5.354(3)
	锔的同位素 ; 完整核素表

锔-247（²⁴⁷Cm）是一种锔的同位素。它是锔最稳定的同位素，半衰期1560万年，比更重元素的半衰期长至少一万倍。它是在r过程中产生的绝种核素（英语：extinct radionuclide）。^[3]^[4]它发现于1954年。^[5]

存量

相较于地球的年龄（45.4亿年），²⁴⁷Cm的半衰期太短，因此原生（英语：Primordial nuclide）的²⁴⁷Cm都早已衰变成²³⁵U，成为绝种核素。^[6]^[7]富钙铝包体中的铀同位素丰度异常很可能源自原生²⁴⁷Cm的衰变。^[7]痕量的²⁴⁷Cm可能随宇宙射线来到地球，但这点未被确认。^[6]

合成

天然的²⁴⁷Cm来自中子星碰撞时发生的r过程。^[7]人造的²⁴⁷Cm则通过中子轰击²⁴⁴Cm而成，然后与产生的其它锔同位素分离。^[8]^[9]

参考资料

^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae （英语）.
^ Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references. Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
^ Côté, Benoit; Eichler, Marius; Yagüe López, Andrés; Vassh, Nicole; Mumpower, Matthew R.; Világos, Blanka; Soós, Benjámin; Arcones, Almudena; Sprouse, Trevor M.; Surman, Rebecca; Pignatari, Marco; Pető, Mária K.; Wehmeyer, Benjamin; Rauscher, Thomas; Lugaro, Maria. ¹²⁹I and ²⁴⁷Cm in meteorites constrain the last astrophysical source of solar r-process elements. Science. 2021-02-26, 371 (6532): 945–948. Bibcode:2021Sci...371..945C. PMID 33632846. S2CID 232050526. arXiv:2006.04833 . doi:10.1126/science.aba1111.
^ Davis, A.M.; McKeegan, K.D. Short-Lived Radionuclides and Early Solar System Chronology. Treatise on Geochemistry. 2014: 383. ISBN 9780080983004. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00113-3.
^ Fry, C.; Thoennessen, M. Discovery of isotopes of the transuranium elements with 93≤Z≤98. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables. 2013, 99 (1): 96–114 [2025-04-07]. doi:10.1016/j.adt.2012.04.001 .
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Thornton, Brett F.; Burdette, Shawn C. Neutron stardust and the elements of Earth. Nature Chemistry. 2019, 11 (1): 4–10 [2025-04-09]. Bibcode:2019NatCh..11....4T. PMID 30552435. S2CID 54632815. doi:10.1038/s41557-018-0190-9.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Davis, Andrew M. Short-Lived Nuclides in the Early Solar System: Abundances, Origins, and Applications. Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science. 2022, 72: 339–363 [2025-04-09]. doi:10.1146/annurev-nucl-010722-074615 .
^ Lumetta, Gregg J.; Thompson, Major C.; Penneman, Robert A.; Eller, P. Gary. Curium (PDF). Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean (编). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements 3rd. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science+Business Media. 2006: 1401. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2010-07-17）.
^ Ahmad, I.; Kondev, F. G.; Gott, M.; Greene, J. P.; Teh, K. α decay of the longest-lived Cm isotope: 247
96Cm. Physical Review C. 2022-12-26, 106 (6) [2025-04-09]. ISSN 2469-9985. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.106.064329 .

[NUBASE2020-1] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae （英语）.

[AME2020_II-2] Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references. Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.

[Cm-Côté-3] Côté, Benoit; Eichler, Marius; Yagüe López, Andrés; Vassh, Nicole; Mumpower, Matthew R.; Világos, Blanka; Soós, Benjámin; Arcones, Almudena; Sprouse, Trevor M.; Surman, Rebecca; Pignatari, Marco; Pető, Mária K.; Wehmeyer, Benjamin; Rauscher, Thomas; Lugaro, Maria. ¹²⁹I and ²⁴⁷Cm in meteorites constrain the last astrophysical source of solar r-process elements. Science. 2021-02-26, 371 (6532): 945–948. Bibcode:2021Sci...371..945C. PMID 33632846. S2CID 232050526. arXiv:2006.04833 . doi:10.1126/science.aba1111.

[Cm-Davis-4] Davis, A.M.; McKeegan, K.D. Short-Lived Radionuclides and Early Solar System Chronology. Treatise on Geochemistry. 2014: 383. ISBN 9780080983004. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00113-3.

[5] Fry, C.; Thoennessen, M. Discovery of isotopes of the transuranium elements with 93≤Z≤98. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables. 2013, 99 (1): 96–114 [2025-04-07]. doi:10.1016/j.adt.2012.04.001 .

[ThorntonBurdette-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Thornton, Brett F.; Burdette, Shawn C. Neutron stardust and the elements of Earth. Nature Chemistry. 2019, 11 (1): 4–10 [2025-04-09]. Bibcode:2019NatCh..11....4T. PMID 30552435. S2CID 54632815. doi:10.1038/s41557-018-0190-9.

[Davis-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Davis, Andrew M. Short-Lived Nuclides in the Early Solar System: Abundances, Origins, and Applications. Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science. 2022, 72: 339–363 [2025-04-09]. doi:10.1146/annurev-nucl-010722-074615 .

[haire-8] Lumetta, Gregg J.; Thompson, Major C.; Penneman, Robert A.; Eller, P. Gary. Curium (PDF). Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean (编). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements 3rd. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science+Business Media. 2006: 1401. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2010-07-17）.

[9] Ahmad, I.; Kondev, F. G.; Gott, M.; Greene, J. P.; Teh, K. α decay of the longest-lived Cm isotope: 247
96Cm. Physical Review C. 2022-12-26, 106 (6) [2025-04-09]. ISSN 2469-9985. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.106.064329 .

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