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地域大国

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地域大国或称区域强权，指在国际关系中，一个在某个地理区域内拥有较大影响力的国家[1][2]。这些国家被认为是控制某个地区安全性的关键国家[3]，所掌握的影响力与实力能够让它们成为一地区性霸主。

特性

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地域大国通常在某个地区具有影响力，但是通常情况下，它们的影响力还不足以影响整个世界。关于地域大国的定义目前还有一定的争议，根据欧洲政治研究协会（英语：European Consortium for Political Research）的定义，“地域大国是某个地理区域内在经济上、军事上处于主导地位，拥有控制该地区能力并在世界范围内具有一定影响力的国家。它们运用自己的实力使自己成为，或强迫该地区其他国家承认自己是该地区的领导人。”[1]

德国全球和区域研究所（German Institute of Global and Area Studies）认为地域大国必须具有以下特点：

  1. 与该地区具有地缘性的联系；
  2. 符合一个地域大国的形象；
  3. 能够在该地区实际思想上的影响力；
  4. 在人口、经济、军事、政治和意识形态上具有领先地位；
  5. 很高地融入该区域；
  6. 对地区性安全具有较高的掌控力；
  7. 能够得到该地区其他国家，尤其是其他地域大国的接受和赞扬；
  8. 能够很好地沟通地域和全球。[2]

一些国家既可以是大国，也可以是地域大国；同样的，一些国家也可以既是中等强国，又是地域大国。

目前的地域大国

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以下国家是目前已经被大多数国际关系学和政治学学者、分析师或专家所认可的地域大国。这些国家在一定程度上满足上述地域大国的标准，但是对于究竟是不是地域大国，不同的学者有不同的意见，以下并非依排名排列。

亚洲

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东亚

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东南亚

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南亚

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中亚

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西亚

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欧洲

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东欧

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西欧

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美洲

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北美洲

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中南美洲

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非洲

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东部非洲

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南部非洲

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中部非洲

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西部非洲

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北部非洲

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大洋洲

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注释

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 波斯湾地区的区域大国
  2. ^ 黎凡特地区的区域大国

参考文献

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参见

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检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=地域大国&oldid=84782343”