半形及全形字符 (Unicode区段)
| 半形及全形字符 Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms | |
|---|---|
| 范围 | U+FF00..U+FFEF （240个码位） |
| 平面 | 基本多文种平面（BMP） |
| 文字 | 谚文（52 个字符） 片假名（55 个字符） 拉丁文字（52 个字符） 普通（66 char.) |
| 符号系列 | 异体宽度字符 |
| 已分配 | 225个码位 |
| 未分配 | 15个保留码位 |
| 统一码版本历史 | |
| 1.0.0 | 216 (+216) |
| 1.0.1 | 223 (+7) |
| 3.2 | 225 (+2) |
| 注释：[1][2][3] | |
半形及全形字符是 Unicode 基本多文种平面内的最后第二个区段，范围包括 U+FF00..U+FFEF。本区段包含全形和半形字符以便可以无损从旧编码系统转换至 Unicode。该区段于 Unicode 1.0 的旧称为 半形及全形变体（Halfwidth and Fullwidth Variants）。[4]
U+FF01..U+FF5E 编码了 ASCII 内 21 至 7E 的全形版本。U+FF00 未对应 ASCII 20 （空格）字符，该字符已经由 U+3000 IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE 表意空格取代。
U+FF65..U+FF9F 编码了JIS X 0201 内的半形片假名——参见半形假名。
U+FFA0..U+FFDC 编码了谚文KS C 5601 1974年版的谚文兼容字母。其对应的字符用于 IBM 的韩文编码页 933，其中包括 Shift In 和 Shift Out 的字符以对应双字节编码。[5]基于双字节编码可能包括兼容字母，本区段包含了部分半形变体以便可以无损从 KS C 5601 转码至 Unicode。[6][7]
U+FFE0..U+FFEE 编码了全形及半形符号。
码表
[编辑]| 半形及全形字符 Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms[1][2] Unicode 联盟官方码表（PDF） | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+FF0x | ！ | ＂ | ＃ | ＄ | ％ | ＆ | ＇ | （ | ） | ＊ | ＋ | ， | － | ． | ／ | |
| U+FF1x | ０ | １ | ２ | ３ | ４ | ５ | ６ | ７ | ８ | ９ | ： | ； | ＜ | ＝ | ＞ | ？ |
| U+FF2x | ＠ | Ａ | Ｂ | Ｃ | Ｄ | Ｅ | Ｆ | Ｇ | Ｈ | Ｉ | Ｊ | Ｋ | Ｌ | Ｍ | Ｎ | Ｏ |
| U+FF3x | Ｐ | Ｑ | Ｒ | Ｓ | Ｔ | Ｕ | Ｖ | Ｗ | Ｘ | Ｙ | Ｚ | ［ | ＼ | ］ | ＾ | ＿ |
| U+FF4x | ｀ | ａ | ｂ | ｃ | ｄ | ｅ | ｆ | ｇ | ｈ | ｉ | ｊ | ｋ | ｌ | ｍ | ｎ | ｏ |
| U+FF5x | ｐ | ｑ | ｒ | ｓ | ｔ | ｕ | ｖ | ｗ | ｘ | ｙ | ｚ | ｛ | ｜ | ｝ | ～ | ｟ |
| U+FF6x | ｠ | ｡ | ｢ | ｣ | ､ | ･ | ｦ | ｧ | ｨ | ｩ | ｪ | ｫ | ｬ | ｭ | ｮ | ｯ |
| U+FF7x | ｰ | ｱ | ｲ | ｳ | ｴ | ｵ | ｶ | ｷ | ｸ | ｹ | ｺ | ｻ | ｼ | ｽ | ｾ | ｿ |
| U+FF8x | ﾀ | ﾁ | ﾂ | ﾃ | ﾄ | ﾅ | ﾆ | ﾇ | ﾈ | ﾉ | ﾊ | ﾋ | ﾌ | ﾍ | ﾎ | ﾏ |
| U+FF9x | ﾐ | ﾑ | ﾒ | ﾓ | ﾔ | ﾕ | ﾖ | ﾗ | ﾘ | ﾙ | ﾚ | ﾛ | ﾜ | ﾝ | ﾞ | ﾟ |
| U+FFAx | HW HF |
ﾡ | ﾢ | ﾣ | ﾤ | ﾥ | ﾦ | ﾧ | ﾨ | ﾩ | ﾪ | ﾫ | ﾬ | ﾭ | ﾮ | ﾯ |
| U+FFBx | ﾰ | ﾱ | ﾲ | ﾳ | ﾴ | ﾵ | ﾶ | ﾷ | ﾸ | ﾹ | ﾺ | ﾻ | ﾼ | ﾽ | ﾾ | |
| U+FFCx | ￂ | ￃ | ￄ | ￅ | ￆ | ￇ | ￊ | ￋ | ￌ | ￍ | ￎ | ￏ | ||||
| U+FFDx | ￒ | ￓ | ￔ | ￕ | ￖ | ￗ | ￚ | ￛ | ￜ | |||||||
| U+FFEx | ￠ | ￡ | ￢ | ￣ | ￤ | ￥ | ￦ | ￨ | ￩ | ￪ | ￫ | ￬ | ￭ | ￮ | ||
| 注解 | ||||||||||||||||
异体字选择器
[编辑]本区段包含部分标点位置的异体字选择器，[8][9] 其中使用了 U+FE00 ︀ VARIATION SELECTOR-1 (VS01) 及 U+FE01 ︁ VARIATION SELECTOR-2 (VS02)：
| U+ | FF01 | FF0C | FF0E | FF1A | FF1B | FF1F | 位置 |
| 基本字符 | ！ | ， | ． | ： | ； | ？ | |
| 基本字符 + VS01 | ！︀ | ，︀ | ．︀ | ：︀ | ；︀ | ？︀ | 左下角 |
| 基本字符 + VS02 | ！︁ | ，︁ | ．︁ | ：︁ | ；︁ | ？︁ | 置中 |
该规范也定义了 U+FF10 ０ 全宽数字〇另加短斜线：U+FE00 VS1（０︀）。[10][9]
历史
[编辑]以下的Unicode相关档案记录了本区域中出现之字符的提议及定稿。
| Unicode 版本 |
最终码位[a] | 码位数 | L2 ID | WG2 ID | 文档 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0.0 | U+FF01..FF5E, FF61..FFBE, FFC2..FFC7, FFCA..FFCF, FFD2..FFD7, FFDA..FFDC, FFE0..FFE6 | 216 | (to be determined) | ||
| N4403 (pdf, doc （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）) | Umamaheswaran, V. S., Resolution M61.01, Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 61, Holiday Inn, Vilnius, Lithuania; 2013-06-10/14, 2014-01-28 | ||||
| L2/17-056 | Lunde, Ken, Proposal to add standardized variation sequences, 2017-02-13 | ||||
| L2/17-436 | Lunde, Ken, Proposal to add standardized variation sequences for fullwidth East Asian punctuation, 2018-01-21 | ||||
| L2/18-039 | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai; Cook, Richard, 24. Fullwidth East Asian Punctuation, Recommendations to UTC #154 January 2018 on Script Proposals, 2018-01-19 | ||||
| L2/17-362 | Moore, Lisa, B.4.1 New Proposal to add standardized variation sequence for U+FF10 FULL WIDTH DIGIT ZERO, UTC #153 Minutes, 2018-02-02 | ||||
| L2/18-115 | Moore, Lisa, Consensus 154-C17, UTC #155 Minutes, 2018-05-09, Add 16 standardized variation sequences based on L2/17-436R, for Unicode 12.0. | ||||
| L2/19-055 | Iancu, Laurențiu, Proposed Changes in the Segmentation Property Values for Fullwidth Digits, 2019-01-14 | ||||
| L2/19-008 | Moore, Lisa, B.11.11.1.2 Proposed changes in the segmentation property values for fullwidth digits, UTC #158 Minutes, 2019-02-08 | ||||
| 1.0.1 | U+FFE8..FFEE | 7 | (to be determined) | ||
| 3.2 | U+FF5F..FF60 | 2 | L2/99-052 | Freytag, Asmus, The math pieces from the symbol font, 1999-02-05 | |
| L2/01-033 | Karlsson, Kent; Freytag, Asmus, Disunify braces/brackets for math, computing science, and Z notation from similar-looking CJK braces/brackets, 2001-01-16 | ||||
| L2/01-159 | N2344 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Ad-hoc report on Mathematical Symbols, 2001-04-03 | |||
| L2/01-157 | N2345R （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Karlsson, Kent, Proposal to disunify certain fencing CJK punctuation marks from similar-looking Math fences, 2001-04-04 | |||
| L2/01-168 | Whistler, Ken, Bracket Disunification & Normalization Hell, 2001-04-10 | ||||
| L2/01-012R | Moore, Lisa, Disunifying Braces and Brackets, Minutes UTC #86 in Mountain View, Jan 2001, 2001-05-21 | ||||
| L2/01-223 | Suignard, Michel, Discussion of Issues Regarding Bracket Disunification, 2001-05-23 | ||||
| L2/01-184R | Moore, Lisa, Motion 87-M21, Minutes from the UTC/L2 meeting, 2001-06-18, Reverse the decision made in motion 86-M6 not to disunify brackets. | ||||
| L2/01-317 | Suignard, Michel, Bracket Disunification & Normalization, 2001-08-14 | ||||
| L2/01-295R | Moore, Lisa, Bracket Disunification and Normalization, Minutes from the UTC/L2 meeting #88, 2001-11-06 | ||||
| L2/02-154 | N2403 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Umamaheswaran, V. S., Resolution M41.1, Draft minutes of WG 2 meeting 41, Hotel Phoenix, Singapore, 2001-10-15/19, 2002-04-22 | |||
| |||||
另见
[编辑]- 全形和半形
- 中日韩符号和标点
- 谚文字母
- 片假名 (Unicode区段)
- Unicode中的拉丁字母
- 带圈字母和数字 (Unicode区段) —— 部分字符可能在不同字体内显示为全形（例如 ⒈,⓵,⑴,⒜,ⓐ）
参见
[编辑]- ^ Unicode 1.0.1 Addendum (PDF). The Unicode Standard. 1992-11-03 [2016-07-09]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-07-02）.
- ^ Unicode character database. The Unicode Standard. [2016-07-09]. （原始内容存档于2016-07-10）.
- ^ Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard. The Unicode Standard. [2016-07-09]. （原始内容存档于2016-06-29）.
- ^ 3.8: Block-by-Block Charts (PDF). The Unicode Standard. version 1.0. Unicode Consortium. [2021-02-04]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-02-11）.
- ^ ICU Demonstration - Converter Explorer. demo.icu-project.org. [7 May 2018].
- ^ 存档副本. [2021-02-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-16）.
- ^ 存档副本. [2021-02-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-16）.
- ^ Lunde, Ken. L2/17-436: Proposal to add standardized variation sequences for fullwidth East Asian punctuation (PDF). 2018-01-21 [2021-02-04]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-01-31）.
- ^ 9.0 9.1 Unicode Character Database: Standardized Variation Sequences. The Unicode Consortium. [2021-02-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-09）.
- ^ Beeton, Barbara; Freytag, Asmus; Iancu, Laurențiu; Sargent, Murray. L2/15-268: Proposal to Represent the Slashed Zero Variant of Empty Set (PDF). 2015-10-30 [2021-02-04]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-10-21）.