印度尼西亚民族英雄
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此条目翻译品质不佳。 (2016年11月26日) |
印度尼西亚民族英雄(印度尼西亚语: Gelar Pahlawan Nasional Indonesia)是由印度尼西亚授予的最高等级头衔。[1]
列表
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姓名 | 生年 | 卒年 | 简介 | 追封年份 | 参考 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
阿卜杜勒·哈利姆 | 1911 | 1988 | 独立运动家、政治家、第四任印尼总理 | 2008 | [2][3] |
阿卜杜尔·哈里斯·纳苏蒂安 | 1918 | 2000 | 国民军将领,曾两度担任国民军参谋长 | 2002 | [2][4] |
Abdul Kadir | 1771 | 1875 | Nobleman from Melawi, promoted economic development, fought against Dutch colonial forces | 1999 | [2][5] |
Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah | 1908 | 1981 | Islamic scholar and author | 2011 | [6] |
阿卜杜尔·穆伊斯 | 1883 | 1959 | 政治家,后成为作家 | 1959 | [a][7][8] |
Abdul Rahman Saleh | 1909 | 1947 | Early figure in the Air Force, killed when his medical flight was shot down by the Dutch | 1974 | [7][9] |
Abdul Wahab Hasbullah | 1888 | 1971 | 2014 | [10] | |
Andi·Abdullah Bau Massepe | 1918 | 1947 | 布吉人 nobleman, led attacks against Dutch forces during the 印度尼西亚独立革命, son of Andi Mappanyukki | 2005 | [2][11] |
阿赫马德·苏巴佐 | 1896 | 1978 | 独立运动家,前政府部长 | 2009 | [2][12] |
阿丹·马力克 | 1917 | 1984 | 记者、独立运动家;第三任首任印尼副总统 | 1998 | [2][13] |
阿德南·卡保·加尼 | 1905 | 1968 | 独立运动家,后担任政府部长;曾支持民族独立革命,并为此而走私军火 | 2007 | [2][14] |
Nyi·Ageng Serang | 1752 | 1828 | 爪哇族 游击战 leader who led attacks on Dutch colonials on several occasions | 1974 | [2][15] |
阿古斯·萨林 | 1884 | 1954 | 米南族伊斯兰教领袖、政治家、独立运动家 | 1961 | [7][16] |
Agustinus Adisucipto | 1916 | 1947 | Early figure in the Air Force, killed when his medical flight was shot down by the Dutch | 1974 | [7][17] |
Ahmad Dahlan | 1868 | 1934 | 爪哇族 Islamic leader, established 穆罕马迪亚; husband of Siti Walidah | 1961 | [7][18] |
Ahmad Rifa'i | 1786 | 1870 | Islamic thinker and writer known for his anti-Dutch stance | 2004 | [2][19] |
Ahmad Yani | 1922 | 1965 | Leader of the Army, killed by the 九三〇事件 | 1965 | [7][20] |
阿利明 | 1889 | 1964 | 独立运动倡导者、政治家、印尼共产党党员 | 1964 | [7][21] |
阿米尔·哈姆扎 | 1911 | 1946 | 诗人、民族主义者 | 1975 | [2][22] |
Antasari | 1809 | 1862 | Fought against Dutch colonial forces in the Banjarmasin War | 1968 | [7][23] |
Arie Frederik Lasut | 1918 | 1949 | Geologist and educator who was executed by the Dutch | 1969 | [7][24] |
Bagindo Azizchan | 1910 | 1947 | Mayor of 巴东 (西苏门答腊省), resisted Dutch forces during the 印度尼西亚独立革命 | 2005 | [2][25] |
Basuki Rahmat | 1921 | 1969 | General, witness to the Supersemar | 1969 | [7][26] |
Bernard Wilhelm Lapian | 1892 | 1977 | 2015 | [27] | |
Teungku·Chik di Tiro | 1836 | 1891 | 亚齐人 Islamic figure and 游击战 leader who fought against Dutch colonial forces | 1973 | [7][28] |
Cilik Riwut | 1918 | 1987 | Soldier and politician, promoted economic and cultural development in 中加里曼丹省 | 1998 | [2][29] |
Cipto Mangunkusumo | 1886 | 1943 | 爪哇族 politician, mentor to 苏卡诺 | 1964 | [7][30] |
佐格罗阿米诺多 | 1883 | 1934 | 政治家、伊斯兰联盟领袖、苏卡诺的导师 | 1961 | [7][31] |
欧内斯特·道维斯·戴克尔 | 1879 | 1950 | Indo journalist and politician who advocated Indonesian independence | 1961 | [b][7][32] |
Dewi Sartika | 1884 | 1947 | 教育家,印尼第一所女子学校的创办人 | 1966 | [7][33] |
朱月婷 | 1850 | 1908 | 亚齐族游击战领袖,曾与荷兰殖民军交战;特库·乌玛尔的妻子 | 1964 | [7][34] |
蒂博尼哥罗 | 1785 | 1855 | 日惹苏丹之子,曾在一场长达五年的战争中与荷兰殖民军交战 | 1973 | [7][35] |
Donald Izacus Panjaitan | 1925 | 1965 | General in the Army, killed by the 九三〇事件 | 1965 | [7][36] |
Eddy Martadinata | 1921 | 1966 | Admiral in the Navy and diplomat, killed in a helicopter crash | 1966 | [7][37] |
Fakhruddin | 1890 | 1929 | Islamic leader, negotiated protection of Indonesian 朝觐 (伊斯兰教) pilgrims | 1964 | [7][38] |
法玛瓦蒂 | 1923 | 1980 | 第一面印尼国旗的缝制者、社会运动家、苏卡诺夫人 | 2000 | [2][39] |
费迪南德·伦班托宾 | 1899 | 1962 | 医生、政治家,曾为劳务者争取权益 | 1962 | [7][40] |
Frans Kaisiepo | 1921 | 1979 | 巴布亚人 nationalist who helped in the acquisition of 西巴布亚 | 1993 | [2][41] |
Gatot Mangkupraja | 1896 | 1968 | 独立运动家、政治家,曾提出成立乡土防卫义勇军的构思 | 2004 | [2][42] |
Gatot Subroto | 1907 | 1962 | General, deputy chief-of-staff of the Army | 1962 | [7][43] |
Halim Perdanakusuma | 1922 | 1947 | Early figure in the Air Force, killed during the 印度尼西亚独立革命 | 1975 | [2][44] |
哈孟库布沃诺一世 | 1717 | 1792 | 日惹苏丹国的建立者,日惹苏丹,曾与荷兰东印度公司交战 | 2006 | [2][45] |
哈孟库布沃诺九世 | 1912 | 1988 | 日惹苏丹、独立运动家、军方领袖、政治家,第二任印尼副总统 | 1990 | [2][46] |
Harun Bin Said | 1947 | 1968 | Bombed the MacDonald House during the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation | 1968 | [c][7][47] |
Hasan Basri | 1923 | 1984 | 独立革命期间的印尼士兵,曾支持加里曼丹和印尼合并 | 2001 | [2][48] |
Hasanuddin | 1631 | 1670 | Sultan of Gowa, fought against Dutch colonial forces | 1973 | [7][49] |
哈希姆·阿沙里 | 1875 | 1947 | 伊斯兰教领袖、伊斯兰教士联合会创办人 | 1964 | [7][50] |
哈宰林 | 1906 | 1975 | 法学家、独立运动家、前政府部长、教育家 | 1999 | [2][51] |
Herman Johannes | 1912 | 1992 | 工程师,独立革命期间曾参与武器生产,亦曾协助成立加查马达大学 | 2009 | [2][52] |
伊达·阿奈克·阿贡·格德·阿贡 | 1921 | 1999 | 独立运动家、政府部长 | 2007 | [2][53] |
伊达姆·哈立德 | 1921 | 2010 | 伊斯兰教士联合会领袖、政治家 | 2011 | [6][54] |
Ilyas Yakoub | 1903 | 1958 | 独立运动家、政治家、游击队战士 | 1999 | [2][55] |
端姑·伊玛目·朋佐尔 | 1772 | 1864 | Islamic figure from 西苏门答腊省 who fought against Dutch colonial forces in the Padri War | 1973 | [7][56] |
Radin·Inten II | 1834 | 1856 | 楠榜贵族,曾发动革命,起兵抵抗荷兰殖民者 | 1986 | [2][57] |
Iskandar Muda | 1593 | 1636 | 亚齐苏丹,曾扩大亚齐苏丹国的影响力 | 1993 | [d][2][58] |
Ismail Marzuki | 1914 | 1958 | 作曲家,曾创作多首爱国歌曲 | 2004 | [2][59] |
Iswahyudi | 1918 | 1947 | Early figure in the Air Force, killed during the 印度尼西亚独立革命 | 1975 | [2][60] |
伊瓦·库苏马苏曼特里 | 1899 | 1971 | 独立运动家、律师、政治家 | 2002 | [2][61] |
Izaak Huru Doko | 1913 | 1985 | Independence activist and educator, helped establish Udayana University | 2006 | [2][62] |
Jamin Ginting | 1921 | 1974 | 2014 | [10] | |
Janatin | 1943 | 1968 | Bombed the MacDonald House during the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation | 1968 | [e][7][63] |
Jatikusumo | 1917 | 1992 | General in the Army and politician | 2002 | [2][64] |
Andi·Jemma | 1935 | 1965 | Independence activist, led attacks against Dutch forces during the 印度尼西亚独立革命 | 2002 | [2][65] |
Johannes Abraham Dimara | 1916 | 2000 | 巴布亚人 army officer who helped in the acquisition of 西巴布亚 | 2010 | [66] |
约翰内斯·莱梅纳 | 1905 | 1977 | 独立初期的卫生部长,社会保健中心门诊体系的创立人 | 2010 | [66] |
朱安达·卡塔维查亚 | 1911 | 1963 | 巽他族政治家,末任印尼总理 | 1963 | [7][67] |
Karel Satsuit Tubun | 1928 | 1965 | Police brigadier, killed by the 九三〇事件 | 1965 | [7][68] |
卡蒂尼 | 1879 | 1904 | 爪哇族女权人士 | 1964 | [7][69] |
依纳爵·若瑟·卡西莫·亨德罗瓦赫约诺 | 1900 | 1986 | 独立运动家、天主教党领袖 | 2011 | [6][70] |
Katamso Darmokusumo | 1923 | 1965 | General in the Army, killed by the 九三〇事件 | 1965 | [7][71] |
I Gusti·Ketut Jelantik | 不明 | 1849 | Balinese leader who fought against Dutch colonial forces | 1993 | [2][72] |
I Gusti·Ketut Puja | 1904 | 1957 | First governor of 巴厘岛 | 2011 | [6][73] |
Ki Bagus Hadikusumo | 1890 | 1954 | 2015 | [27] | |
基·哈查尔·德万塔拉 | 1889 | 1959 | 教育家、前政府部长,学生园创办人,苏尔约普拉诺托的胞弟 | 1959 | [7][74] |
基·哈萨尔米迪·曼贡萨尔科罗 | 1904 | 1957 | 教育家、前政府部长、曾在由至善社主办的学校和学生园任教 | 2011 | [6][75] |
Kiras Bangun | 1852 | 1942 | 巴塔克人 游击战 leader who fought the Dutch colonialists | 2005 | [2][76] |
Kusumah Atmaja | 1898 | 1952 | First Chief Justice of the Supreme Court | 1965 | [7][77] |
La Maddukelleng | 1700 | 1765 | Nobleman from Paser Sultanate, repelled Dutch forces from Wajo Kingdom | 1998 | [2][78] |
Lambertus Nicodemus Palar | 1900 | 1981 | Diplomat, negotiated recognition of Indonesia during the 印度尼西亚独立革命 | 2013 | [79] |
李约翰 | 1911 | 1988 | 海军少将,曾在独立革命期间走私物资,为革命筹募经费 | 2009 | [2][80] |
Mahmud Badaruddin II | 1767 | 1852 | Sultan of Palembang, fought against English and Dutch colonists | 1984 | [2][81] |
Mangkunegara I | 1725 | 1795 | Fought against Dutch colonists and collaborators in 中爪哇省 | 1988 | [2][82] |
Andi·Mappanyukki | 1885 | 1967 | 布吉人 nobleman, led attacks against Dutch forces in the 1920s and 30s, father of Andi Abdullah Bau Massepe | 2004 | [2][83] |
Maria Walanda Maramis | 1872 | 1924 | Women's rights advocate and educator | 1969 | [7][84] |
Martha Christina Tiahahu | 1800 | 1818 | 游击战 fighter from 摩鹿加群岛 who died in Dutch custody | 1969 | [7][85] |
Marthen Indey | 1912 | 1986 | 民族主义者、独立运动家,曾推动巴布亚和印尼合并 | 1993 | [2][86] |
Mas Isman | 1924 | 1982 | 2015 | [27] | |
Mas Mansur | 1896 | 1946 | Islamic scholar, 穆罕马迪亚 leader | 1964 | [7][87] |
Mas Tirtodarmo Haryono | 1924 | 1965 | General in the Army, killed by the 九三〇事件 | 1965 | [7][88] |
Maskun Sumadireja | 1907 | 1986 | 独立运动家、政治家 | 2004 | [2][89] |
Cut Nyak·Meutia | 1870 | 1910 | 亚齐人 游击战 leader who fought against Dutch colonial forces | 1964 | [7][90] |
穆罕默德·哈达 | 1902 | 1980 | 独立运动家、首任印尼副总统 | 2012 | [f][91][92] |
穆罕默德·胡斯尼·谭林 | 1894 | 1941 | 政治家、独立运动家 | 1960 | [7][93] |
穆罕默德·纳席尔 | 1908 | 1993 | 伊斯兰学者、政治家、第五任印尼总理 | 2008 | [2][94] |
特乌库·穆罕默德·哈山 | 1906 | 1997 | 独立运动家、苏门答腊省首任省长 | 2006 | [2][95] |
Muhammad Mangundiprojo | 1905 | 1988 | 2014 | [10] | |
穆罕默德·亚明 | 1903 | 1962 | 诗人,后成为政治家、独立运动家 | 1973 | [7][96] |
Muhammad Yasin | 2015 | [27] | |||
穆斯托波 | 1913 | 1986 | Leader during the Battle of Surabaya, established Dr. Moestopo Dental College | 2007 | [2][97] |
Muwardi | 1907 | 1948 | Handled security for the Proclamation of Independence, established a hospital in 梭罗市 | 1964 | [7][98] |
预留
[编辑]Nani Wartabone | 1907 | 1986 | Independence activist and politician, helped put down the Permesta rebellion | 2003 | [2][99] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
I Gusti Ngurah Made Agung | 1876 | 1906 | 2015 | [27] | |
I Gusti·Ngurah Rai | 1917 | 1946 | Balinese military leader during 印度尼西亚独立革命 | 1975 | [2][100] |
Nuku Muhammad Amiruddin | 1738 | 1805 | Sultan of Tidore, led several naval battles against Dutch colonial forces | 1995 | [2][101] |
Nur Ali | 1914 | 1992 | Islamic leader and educator, led student soldiers during the 印度尼西亚独立革命 | 2006 | [2][102] |
Teuku·Nyak Arif | 1899 | 1946 | 亚齐人 politician and resistance leader, first governor of 亚齐特区 | 1974 | [103] |
Opu Daeng Risaju | 1880 | 1964 | Early woman politician, fought against the Dutch during the 印度尼西亚独立革命 | 2006 | [2][104] |
Oto Iskandar di Nata | 1897 | 1945 | Politician and independence activist | 1973 | [7][105] |
Pajonga Daeng Ngalie | 1901 | 1958 | Coordinated attacks in 南苏拉威西省 during the 印度尼西亚独立革命, promoted national integration | 2006 | [2][106] |
Pakubuwono VI | 1807 | 1849 | Susuhunan of Surakarta, rebelled against Dutch colonial forces | 1964 | [7][107] |
Pakubuwono X | 1866 | 1939 | Susuhunan of Surakarta, supported various projects which furthered Native Indonesian interests | 2011 | [6][108] |
帕提穆拉 | 1783 | 1817 | 起兵反抗荷兰殖民军的马鲁古游击队领袖 | 1973 | [7][109] |
Pierre Tendean | 1939 | 1965 | Soldier in the Army, killed by the 九三〇事件 | 1965 | [7][110] |
Pong Tiku | 1846 | 1907 | 托拉查人n noble, fought against Dutch colonialists | 2002 | [2][111] |
Raja Ali Haji | 1809 | 约 1870 | Historian and poet from 廖内省 | 2004 | [2][112] |
Raja Haji Fisabilillah | 1727 | 1784 | Warrior from 廖内省 who fought against Dutch colonial forces | 1997 | [2][113] |
拉吉曼·威迪约迪宁格拉特 | 1879 | 1952 | 首任人民代表会议议长 | 2013 | [79] |
Ranggong Daeng Romo | 1915 | 1947 | Led troops in two battles against Dutch forces during the 印度尼西亚独立革命 | 2001 | [2][114] |
Rasuna Said | 1910 | 1965 | Women's rights advocate and nationalist | 1974 | [2][115] |
Robert Wolter Monginsidi | 1925 | 1949 | 游击战 fighter in 望加锡 during the 印度尼西亚独立革命, executed by the Dutch | 1973 | [7][116] |
沙哈佐 | 1909 | 1963 | 前司法部长,印尼法律改革先驱 | 1963 | [7][117] |
Sam Ratulangi | 1890 | 1949 | Minahasa politician and supporter of Indonesian independence | 1961 | [7][118] |
Samanhudi | 1878 | 1956 | Businessman, established Sarekat Islam | 1961 | [7][119] |
Silas Papare | 1918 | 1978 | Fought for 巴布亚省's independence from the Netherlands, promoted Papuan integration in Indonesia | 1993 | [2][120] |
西辛雅芒卡拉查十二世 | 1849 | 1907 | 巴塔克族领袖 who fought a lengthy 游击战 campaign against Dutch colonial forces | 1961 | [7][113] |
Siswondo Parman | 1918 | 1965 | General in the Army, killed by the 九三〇事件 | 1965 | [7][121] |
西蒂·哈蒂娜 | 1923 | 1996 | 原总统苏哈托夫人,曾积极参与社会福利工作,并创办美丽印度尼西亚微缩公园 | 1996 | [2][122] |
Siti Walidah | 1872 | 1946 | Founder of Aisyiyah, 穆罕马迪亚 figure, wife of Ahmad Dahlan, | 1971 | [g][7][123] |
Slamet Riyadi | 1927 | 1950 | 国民军陆军准将,在平定苏拉威西岛叛乱期间被杀 | 2007 | [2][124] |
苏迪曼 | 1916 | 1950 | Commander in Chief of the 国民军 for most of the 独立革命 | 1964 | [h][7][125] |
亚尔伯·苏吉亚普拉纳塔 | 1896 | 1963 | 爪哇族天主教主教、民族主义者 | 1963 | [7][126] |
Sugiyono Mangunwiyoto | 1926 | 1965 | Colonel in the Army, killed by the 九三〇事件 | 1965 | [7][127] |
Suharso | 1912 | 1971 | Medical pioneer in 义肢 | 1973 | [7][128] |
Sukarjo Wiryopranoto | 1903 | 1962 | Independence figure, diplomat, and politician | 1962 | [7][129] |
Sukarni | 1916 | 1971 | 2014 | [10] | |
苏卡诺 | 1901 | 1970 | 独立运动家、印尼独立宣言的宣读者、首任印度尼西亚总统 | 2012 | [f][91][92] |
Sultan Agung | 1591 | 1645 | 马打蓝国 (伊斯兰教), fought against encroaches by the 荷兰东印度公司 | 1975 | [2][130] |
Andi·Sultan Daeng Radja | 1894 | 1963 | 独立运动家、政治家 | 2006 | [2][131] |
苏珀诺 | 1916 | 1949 | 前政府部长,民族独立革命时期与荷军战斗期间被杀害 | 1970 | [7][132] |
苏波莫 | 1903 | 1958 | 首任司法部长,协助起草宪法 | 1965 | [7][133] |
Suprapto | 1920 | 1965 | General in the Army, killed by the 九三〇事件 | 1965 | [7][134] |
Supriyadi | 1925 | 1945 | Leader of a rebellion against the 荷属东印度日据时期 in 勿里达 | 1975 | [i][2][135] |
苏罗索 | 1893 | 1981 | 政治家、独立运动家 | 1986 | [2][136] |
Suryo | 1896 | 1948 | Governor of 东爪哇省 during the 印度尼西亚独立革命 | 1964 | [7][137] |
苏尔约普拉诺托 | 1871 | 1959 | Education and workers' rights figure, brother of Ki Hajar Dewantara | 1959 | [7][138] |
苏丹·夏赫里尔 | 1909 | 1966 | 政治家、首任印尼总理 | 1966 | [7][139] |
Sutomo | 1888 | 1938 | 爪哇族 educator, established Budi Utomo | 1961 | [j][7][140] |
Sutomo | 1920 | 1981 | Military officer who led troops in the Battle of Surabaya | 2008 | [k][2][141] |
Sutoyo Siswomiharjo | 1922 | 1965 | General in the Army, killed by the 九三〇事件 | 1965 | [7][142] |
沙弗鲁丁·普拉维拉内加拉 | 1911 | 1989 | 首任印度尼西亚银行行长 | 2011 | [6] |
Syarif Kasim II | 1893 | 1968 | Sultan of Siak, promoted integration of the East Sumatran kingdoms | 1998 | [2][132] |
达喜·波纳尔·西马杜邦 | 1920 | 1990 | 曾在1950年至1954年期间担任印尼国民军总参谋长的将领 | 2013 | [79] |
Tuanku·Tambusai | 1784 | 1882 | Islamic leader from 廖内省 who fought against Dutch colonial forces in the Padri War | 1995 | [2][143] |
陈马六甲 | 1884 | 1949 | 米南族政治家、共产党活动家 | 1963 | [7][144] |
Thaha Syaifuddin | 1816 | 1904 | Sultan of Jambi, led an armed revolution against Dutch colonial forces | 1977 | [2][145] |
阿贡·帝尔塔雅萨 | 1631 | 1683 | from 万丹省 who fought against the Dutch | 1970 | [7][146] |
迪尔托·阿迪·苏里约 | 1880 | 1918 | 印尼民族觉醒初期的新闻工作者,曾因发表反荷社评而被流放 | 2006 | [2][147] |
特库·乌玛尔 | 1854 | 1899 | 亚齐族游击队领袖,曾与荷兰殖民军交战;朱月婷的丈夫 | 1973 | [7][148] |
Untung Surapati | 1660 | 1706 | Led several rebellions against the 荷兰东印度公司 | 1975 | [2][149] |
Urip Sumoharjo | 1893 | 1948 | 印尼国民军初创时期的领袖暨二号人物(仅次于苏迪曼) | 1964 | [7][150] |
威吉·鲁多尔夫·苏普拉曼 | 1903 | 1938 | 印尼国歌《伟大的印度尼西亚》的作者 | 1971 | [7][151] |
瓦希德·哈希姆 | 1914 | 1953 | 伊斯兰教士联合会领袖、首任印尼宗教事务部长 | 1964 | [7][152] |
瓦希丁·苏迪罗胡索多 | 1852 | 1917 | 医生、至善社领袖 | 1973 | [7][153] |
Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes | 1895 | 1952 | Medical pioneer in 影像诊断学 | 1968 | [7][154] |
约斯·苏达索 | 1925 | 1962 | 海军准将,曾与荷军就荷属新几内亚主权发生冲突,并在期间阵亡 | 1973 | [7][155] |
Yusuf Tajul Khalwati | 1626 | 1699 | Islamic leader, led a 游击战 rebellion against the 荷兰东印度公司 | 1995 | [2][156] |
Zainal Mustafa | 1907 | 1944 | Islamic leader who fought against the 荷属东印度日据时期 | 1972 | [7][157] |
再努尔·阿里芬 | 1909 | 1963 | 政治家、游击队战士,被计划刺杀苏卡诺的杀手射杀 | 1963 | [7][158] |
注释
[编辑]- ^ Some sources give his birth year as 1886 or 1890.
- ^ Also known by the 巽他语 name Danudirja Setiabudi
- ^ Also known as Harun Tahir
- ^ Year of birth uncertain. Some sources, such as Encyclopedia Britannica, give 1590.
- ^ Also known as Usman bin Haji Muhammad Ali.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Previously declared a Proclamation Hero in 1986
- ^ Generally noted as Nyai Ahmad Dahlan, meaning "wife of Ahmad Dahlan"
- ^ 1916 is the date recognised by the Indonesian government. The actual date may be different. Several sources, for example, give 1912 (Said 1991,第80页).
- ^ Date of death uncertain; he disappeared in 1945.
- ^ Most often referred to as Dr. Sutomo
- ^ Also known as Bung Tomo
脚注
[编辑]- ^ Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20 of 2009.
- ^ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 2.31 2.32 2.33 2.34 2.35 2.36 2.37 2.38 2.39 2.40 2.41 2.42 2.43 2.44 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.49 2.50 2.51 2.52 2.53 2.54 2.55 2.56 2.57 2.58 2.59 2.60 2.61 2.62 2.63 2.64 2.65 2.66 2.67 Indonesian State Secretariat, Daftar Nama Pahlawan (2).
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第254页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第251–252页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第2–3页.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 The Jakarta Post 2011, Govt Gives.
- ^ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 7.18 7.19 7.20 7.21 7.22 7.23 7.24 7.25 7.26 7.27 7.28 7.29 7.30 7.31 7.32 7.33 7.34 7.35 7.36 7.37 7.38 7.39 7.40 7.41 7.42 7.43 7.44 7.45 7.46 7.47 7.48 7.49 7.50 7.51 7.52 7.53 7.54 7.55 7.56 7.57 7.58 7.59 7.60 7.61 7.62 7.63 7.64 7.65 7.66 7.67 7.68 7.69 7.70 7.71 7.72 7.73 7.74 7.75 Indonesian State Secretariat, Daftar Nama Pahlawan (1).
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第64–66页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第185–187页.
- ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Tribunnews, Presiden Jokowi Beri Gelar Pahlawan.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第229–230页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第264页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第227–228页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第265–266页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第20–21页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第80–81页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第190页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第90–93页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第255页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第206–207页.
- ^ Sudarmanto 2007,第90–91页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第143–144页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第22–23页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第158–159页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第234页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第168–169页.
- ^ 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4 CNN Indonesia, Jokowi Anugerahkan Gelar Pahlawan Nasional.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第52–53页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第188–189页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第68–70页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第82–83页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第71–72页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第123–124页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第4–5页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第24–25页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第210–211页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第181–182页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第93–94页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第237–238页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第160–161页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第164–165页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第239–240页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第170–171页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第201–202页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第26–27页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第197–198页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第178页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第235–236页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第42–43页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第95–96页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第271–272页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第241–242页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第248页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第292–293页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第244–245页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第56–57页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第30–31页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第44–45页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第249页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第191–192页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第276–277页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第250页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第187页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第253页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第66–67页.
- ^ 66.0 66.1 The Jakarta Post 2010, Doctor, Army Officer.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第86–87页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第224–225页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第121–122页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第300页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第212–213页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第8–9页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第298页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第105–107页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第296–297页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第258页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第183–184页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第14–15页.
- ^ 79.0 79.1 79.2 Parlina 2013, Govt names three new national heroes.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第259–260页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第46–47页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第12–14页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第231页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第108–109页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第16–17页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第203–204页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第97–98页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第208–209页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第261页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第6–7页.
- ^ 91.0 91.1 Aritonang 2012, Sukarno, Hatta.
- ^ 92.0 92.1 The Jakarta Post 2012, Respect Thy Heroes.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第110–111页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第262–263页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第286–287页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第119–120页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第273–274页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第73页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第243页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第176–177页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第18–19页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第256页.
- ^ Kamajaya 1981,第50–57页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第268页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第131–132页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第269–270页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第36–37页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第299页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第10–11页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第214–215页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第28–29页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第32–33页.
- ^ 113.0 113.1 Mirnawati 2012,第34–35页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第280页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第84–85页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第199–200页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第74–75页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第162–163页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第99–100页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第193–194页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第216–217页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第246–247页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第112–113页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第166–167页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第172–173页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第195–196页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第222–223页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第116–117页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第136–137页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第40–41页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第232–233页.
- ^ 132.0 132.1 Mirnawati 2012,第138页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第114–115页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第218–219页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第134–135页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第133页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第127–128页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第125–126页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第139–140页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第76–77页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第284–285页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第220–221页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第58–59页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第141–142页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第48–49页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第38–39页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第129–130页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第54–55页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第60–62页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第174–175页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第147–148页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第88–89页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第78–79页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第118页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第179–180页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第50–51页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第101–102页.
- ^ Mirnawati 2012,第103–104页.
引述著作
[编辑]- Artaria, Myrtati Diah. Heroes and Heroines. Chambert-Loir, Henri; Reid, Anthony (编). The Potent Dead: Ancestors, Saints and Heroes in Contemporary Indonesia. University of Hawaii Press. 2002: 538–540 [2016-07-15]. ISBN 978-1-86508-739-9. (原始内容存档于2020-12-07).
- Abdul Muis. Encyclopedia of Jakarta. Jakarta City Government. [20 February 2013]. (原始内容存档于2013-02-20) (印度尼西亚语).
- Aritonang, Margareth S. Sukarno, Hatta national heroes at last. The Jakarta Post. 12 November 2012 [19 February 2013]. (原始内容存档于2013-02-19).
- Daftar Nama Pahlawan Nasional Republik Indonesia (1) [List of Names of National Heroes of the Republic of Indonesia (1)]. Awards of the Republic of Indonesia. Indonesian State Secretariat. [9 May 2012]. (原始内容存档于2017-05-24) (印度尼西亚语).
- Daftar Nama Pahlawan Nasional Republik Indonesia (2) [List of Names of National Heroes of the Republic of Indonesia (2)]. Awards of the Republic of Indonesia. Indonesian State Secretariat. [17 February 2013]. (原始内容存档于2013-02-18) (印度尼西亚语).
- Doctor, Army Officer Named National Heroes. The Jakarta Post. 12 November 2010 [19 February 2013]. (原始内容存档于2013-02-18).
- Editorial: Respect Thy Heroes. The Jakarta Post. 10 November 2012 [19 February 2013]. (原始内容存档于2013-02-19).
- Govt Gives Posthumous Honor to Heroes. The Jakarta Post. 9 November 2011 [19 February 2013]. (原始内容存档于2013-02-18).
- Iskandar Muda. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. [18 February 2013].
- Kamajaya. Lima Putera-Puteri Aceh Pahlawan Nasional [Five Sons and Daughters of Aceh that are National Heroes]. Yogyakarta: U.P. Indonesia. 1981. OCLC 65644873 (印度尼西亚语).
- Mirnawati. Kumpulan Pahlawan Indonesia Terlengkap [Most Complete Collection of Indonesian Heroes]. Jakarta: CIF. 2012. ISBN 978-979-788-343-0 (印度尼西亚语).
- Parlina, Ina. Govt names three new national heroes. The Jakarta Post. 9 November 2013 [11 November 2013]. (原始内容存档于2013-11-10).
- Prosedur Penganugerahan Gelar Pahlawan Nasional [Procedure for Awarding the Title of National Hero]. Awards of the Republic of Indonesia. Indonesian State Secretariat. [21 February 2013]. (原始内容存档于2011-12-28) (印度尼西亚语).
- Presiden Jokowi Beri Gelar Pahlawan kepada Empat Tokoh Ini. Tribunnews.com. [6 November 2014]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-05) (印度尼西亚语).
- Jokowi Anugerahkan Gelar Pahlawan Nasional Ke Lima Tokoh. CNN Indonesia. [5 November 2014]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-03) (印度尼西亚语).
- Said, Salim. Genesis of Power: General Sudirman and the Indonesian Military in Politics, 1945–49. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 1991. ISBN 978-981-3035-90-4.
- Sudarmanto, J. B. Jejak-Jejak Pahlawan: Perekat Kesatuan Bangsa Indonesia [Footsteps of the Heroes: Uniting the Indonesian People]. Jakarta: Grasindo. 2007 [2016-07-15]. ISBN 978-979-759-716-0. (原始内容存档于2020-08-06) (印度尼西亚语).
- Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2009 tentang Gelar, Tanda Jasa, dan Tanda Kehormatan [Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2009 Regarding Titles, Awards, and Recognition] (PDF). Jakarta: Government of Indonesia. 18 June 2009 [3 March 2013]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2013-03-03).