伽藍菜屬

伽藍菜屬
	長壽花 Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
科學分類
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真雙子葉植物 Eudicots
目：	虎耳草目 Saxifragales
科：	景天科 Crassulaceae
屬：	伽藍菜屬 Kalanchoe; Adans.（英語：Michel Adanson）, 1763
部分種
	見正文
異名
	Bryophyllum Salisb. ; Crassuvia Comm. ex Lam. ; Geaya Costantin & Poiss. ; Kitchingia Baker ; Meristostylus Klotzsch ; Physocalycium Vest ; Vereia Andrews ;

伽藍菜屬（學名：Kalanchoe），又名燈籠草屬，是景天科下的一個屬，為肉質植物。該屬共有約200種，大部分原產於非洲，少數產自亞洲熱帶地區。^[1]肉質的草本、亞灌木或藤本植物。葉子輪生或交互對生，光滑或有毛，很多種的葉尖有不定芽，能發育成小植株。頂生圓錐錐花序或聚傘花序，花瓣萼片均為4枚。

分佈

本屬有200種，1種分佈美洲，56種來自非洲東部和南部，60種來自馬達加斯加，其餘分佈在亞洲。

分類

本屬大致分為以下幾個亞屬：^[2]^[3]

伽藍菜亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe（包括伽藍菜K. ceratophylla、長壽花K. blossfeldiana、唐印K. luciae等）
伽藍木亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Calophygia（包括伽藍木K. arborescens、仙人扇K. beharensis、趣蝶蓮K. synsepala等）
落地生根亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Bryophyllum（包括落地生根K. pinnata、玉吊鐘K. fedtschenkoi、極樂鳥藤K. scandens等）
釣宮燈亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Kitchingia（包括釣宮燈K. gracilipes、全緣釣宮燈K. manginii以及二者的雜交品種釣魚竿宮燈等）
宮燈長壽亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Alatae（包括宮燈長壽花K. porphyrocalyx、臥莖宮燈長壽K. uniflora，有時併入釣宮燈亞屬）

以下是本屬部分物種：^[4]

Kalanchoe adelae
Kalanchoe apiifolia D.-P. Klein, Shtein & Callm.^[5]
Kalanchoe arborescens
闊葉極樂鳥 Kalanchoe beauverdii
仙人扇 Kalanchoe beharensis – 仙女之舞、玫葉兔耳
Kalanchoe bentii
長壽花 Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
Kalanchoe bouvetii
紅花銀伽藍木 Kalanchoe bracteata – 銀景天、銀茶匙、銀之太鼓
巴西伽藍菜 Kalanchoe brasiliensis Larrañaga, 1922
伽藍菜 Kalanchoe ceratophylla Haw., 1821 – 小燈籠草
圓齒伽藍菜 Kalanchoe crenata Britten, 1871
Kalanchoe crundallii I.Verd., 1946
斑背落地生根 Kalanchoe daigremontiana Raym.-Hamet & H.Perrier, 1914 – 綴卞慶、大葉虎紋落地生根、大葉落地生根
Kalanchoe darainensis D.-P. Klein & Callm.^[6]
棒葉落地生根 Kalanchoe delagoensis Eckl. & Zeyh., 1837 – 洋吊鐘
Kalanchoe dineshii Syam Radh & Nampy, 2022^[7]
Kalanchoe dinklagei – 麋鹿之舞
白兔耳 Kalanchoe eriophylla – 福兔耳
Kalanchoe fadeniorum
粉葉圓貝草 Kalanchoe farinacea – 圓貝草、圓貝葉
玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi – 蝴蝶之舞
Kalanchoe figureidoi – 媚惑彩虹
Kalanchoe flammea
掌上珠 Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri
Kalanchoe glaucescens
台南伽藍菜 Kalanchoe garambiensis – 鵝鑾鼻燈籠草
釣宮燈 Kalanchoe gracilipes
Kalanchoe grandidieri
大花伽藍菜 Kalanchoe grandiflora
白花銀伽藍木 Kalanchoe hildebrantii 銀茶匙
濕潤落地生根 Kalanchoe humifica – 黑死蝶
Kalanchoe humilis – 紫式部、虎紋伽藍菜
Kalanchoe hypseloleuce Friis & M. G. Gilbert^[8]
匙葉伽藍菜 Kalanchoe integra – 匙葉燈籠草
佛甲伽藍菜 Kalanchoe jongmansii
Kalanchoe kewensis
條裂伽藍菜 Kalanchoe laciniata
綠葉落地生根 Kalanchoe laetivirens – 蕾絲姑娘、大葉落地生根、寬葉落地生根
磚色伽藍菜 Kalanchoe lateritia – 圓葉地氈
耳葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe laxiflora - 翩蝶之舞、錦繡牡丹、疏花落地生根
Kalanchoe linearifolia
長花伽藍菜 Kalanchoe longiflora – 魔海
唐印 Kalanchoe luciae
大萼落地生根 Kalanchoe macrochlamys
全緣釣宮燈 Kalanchoe manginii
大理石草 Kalanchoe marmorata – 江戶紫
圓葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe marnieriana – 白姬之舞、貝殼
彩萼落地生根 Kalanchoe maromokotrensis – 花燈籠
Kalanchoe millotii – 千兔耳
朱紅釣宮燈 Kalanchoe miniata
耳葉掌上珠 Kalanchoe mortagei
盾葉伽藍菜 Kalanchoe nyikae – 日蓮之盃
鈍圓伽藍菜 Kalanchoe obtusa
金伽藍木 Kalanchoe orgyalis – 金景天、銅茶匙、金卵
盾葉釣宮燈 Kalanchoe peltata
盾葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe peltigera
Kalanchoe peteri
Kalanchoe petitiana
落地生根 Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers.^[9]
宮燈長壽花 Kalanchoe porphyrocalyx
Kalanchoe prasina
珠芽落地生根 Kalanchoe prolifera – 五節之舞
Kalanchoe producta
柔毛釣宮燈 Kalanchoe pubescens
銀葉伽藍菜 Kalanchoe pumila – 白銀之舞
Kalanchoe quartiniana
雀扇 Kalanchoe rhombopilosa
- Kalanchoe rhombipilosa var. viridis – 綠雀扇
- Kalanchoe rhombopilosa var. argentea – 碧靈芝
Kalanchoe robusta
Kalanchoe rolandi-bonapartei
戟葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe rosei
綠葉圓貝草 Kalanchoe rotundifolia – 小圓貝、花葉圓貝草
極樂鳥藤 Kalanchoe scandens – 極樂鳥
花莛圓貝草 Kalanchoe scapigera
藤宮燈 Kalanchoe schizophylla
鋸葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe serrata
朱蓮 Kalanchoe sexangularis
折瓣伽藍菜 Kalanchoe streptantha
綠葉掌上珠 Kalanchoe suarezensis
趣蝶蓮 Kalanchoe synsepala – 雙飛蝴蝶
台東伽藍菜 Kalanchoe tashiroi
四葉伽藍木 Kalanchoe tetraphylla
Kalanchoe thyrsiflora
褐斑伽藍菜 Kalanchoe tomentosa – 月兔耳
臥莖宮燈長壽 Kalanchoe uniflora
Kalanchoe viguieri – 新加坡兔
變葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe variifolia 漸狹玉吊鐘
Kalanchoe waldheimii

雜交種：

Kalanchoe ×cantabrigiensis Guillaumin
Kalanchoe ×descoingsii Shtein, Gideon F.Sm. & J.Ikeda
Kalanchoe ×edwardii Gideon F.Sm. & Shtein
Kalanchoe ×estrelae Gideon F.Sm.
Kalanchoe ×felthamensis
Kalanchoe ×flaurantia Desc.
Kalanchoe ×forbesiae Gideon F.Sm. & Hankey
Kalanchoe ×gildenhuysii Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo
Kalanchoe ×gunniae Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo
Kalanchoe ×hankeyi Gideon F.Sm.
箭葉落地生根 Kalanchoe ×houghtonii D.B.Ward – 不死鳥
Kalanchoe ×hummeliae Gideon F.Sm.
Kalanchoe ×kewensis W.Watson
Kalanchoe ×leistneri Gideon F.Sm.
Kalanchoe ×lokarana Desc.
條葉落地生根 Kalanchoe ×richaudii Desc.
矮長壽花 Kalanchoe ×trageri Gideon F.Sm.

栽培品種：

釣魚竿宮燈 Kalanchoe cv. Tessa
錦蝶落地生根 Kalanchoe cv. Pink butterflies

參考文獻

^ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. [2012-04-10]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-11）.
^ Smith, Gideon F. The 'woody clade' in Kalanchoe: reinstatement and amendment of K. subg. Calophygia (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) published by Bernard Marie Descoings in 2006. Phytotaxa. 2023-09-26, 616 (2): 113–127. ISSN 1179-3163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.616.2.1.
^ Rodewald, Seraina E.; Klein, David-Paul; Shtein, Ronen; Smith, Gideon F.; Joyce, Elizabeth; Briones, Diego F. Morales; Bernhard, Sven; Letsara, Rokiman; Mertes, Hannah. A new phylogenetic framework for the genus Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) and implications for infrageneric classification. bioRxiv. 2024-10-19 [2024-12-02]. doi:10.1101/2024.10.17.618389.
^ Kalanchoe Adans.. GBIF. [2023-05-29]. （原始內容存檔於2023-01-27）.
^ David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Thomas Janssen and Martin W. Callmander. 2022. Novelties from the Northern Mountains Complex of Madagascar VI: Kalanchoe apiifolia (Crassulaceae), A particular New Species. Candollea. 77(2); 193-198. DOI: 10.15553/c2022v772a6
^ David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Louis Nusbaumer and Martin W. Callmander. 2021. Kalanchoe darainensis (Crassulaceae), A New Species from northeastern Madagascar. Candollea. 76(1); 117-123. DOI: 10.15553/c2021v761a12
^ Syam Radh Sasi and Santhosh Nampy. 2022. Kalanchoe dineshii (Crassulaceae), A New Species from southern Western Ghats, India. Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid. 79(2); e127. DOI: doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2591
^ Ib Friis, Michael G. Gilbert, Paulo van Breugel, Odile Weber and Sebsebe Demissew. 2017. Kalanchoe hypseloleuce (Crassulaceae), A New Species from eastern Ethiopia, with Notes on its Habitat. Kew Bulletin. 72:30. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-017-9704-7
^ POTWO 2019.

[1] 中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. [2012-04-10]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-11）.

[2] Smith, Gideon F. The 'woody clade' in Kalanchoe: reinstatement and amendment of K. subg. Calophygia (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) published by Bernard Marie Descoings in 2006. Phytotaxa. 2023-09-26, 616 (2): 113–127. ISSN 1179-3163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.616.2.1.

[3] Rodewald, Seraina E.; Klein, David-Paul; Shtein, Ronen; Smith, Gideon F.; Joyce, Elizabeth; Briones, Diego F. Morales; Bernhard, Sven; Letsara, Rokiman; Mertes, Hannah. A new phylogenetic framework for the genus Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) and implications for infrageneric classification. bioRxiv. 2024-10-19 [2024-12-02]. doi:10.1101/2024.10.17.618389.

[4] Kalanchoe Adans.. GBIF. [2023-05-29]. （原始內容存檔於2023-01-27）.

[5] David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Thomas Janssen and Martin W. Callmander. 2022. Novelties from the Northern Mountains Complex of Madagascar VI: Kalanchoe apiifolia (Crassulaceae), A particular New Species. Candollea. 77(2); 193-198. DOI: 10.15553/c2022v772a6

[6] David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Louis Nusbaumer and Martin W. Callmander. 2021. Kalanchoe darainensis (Crassulaceae), A New Species from northeastern Madagascar. Candollea. 76(1); 117-123. DOI: 10.15553/c2021v761a12

[7] Syam Radh Sasi and Santhosh Nampy. 2022. Kalanchoe dineshii (Crassulaceae), A New Species from southern Western Ghats, India. Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid. 79(2); e127. DOI: doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2591

[8] Ib Friis, Michael G. Gilbert, Paulo van Breugel, Odile Weber and Sebsebe Demissew. 2017. Kalanchoe hypseloleuce (Crassulaceae), A New Species from eastern Ethiopia, with Notes on its Habitat. Kew Bulletin. 72:30. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-017-9704-7

[FOOTNOTEPOTWO2019-9] POTWO 2019.

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