伽蓝菜属

伽蓝菜属
	长寿花 Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
科学分类
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真双子叶植物 Eudicots
目：	虎耳草目 Saxifragales
科：	景天科 Crassulaceae
属：	伽蓝菜属 Kalanchoe; Adans.（英语：Michel Adanson）, 1763
部分种
	见正文
异名
	Bryophyllum Salisb. ; Crassuvia Comm. ex Lam. ; Geaya Costantin & Poiss. ; Kitchingia Baker ; Meristostylus Klotzsch ; Physocalycium Vest ; Vereia Andrews ;

伽蓝菜属（学名：Kalanchoe），又名灯笼草属，是景天科下的一个属，为肉质植物。该属共有约200种，大部分原产于非洲，少数产自亚洲热带地区。^[1]肉质的草本、亚灌木或藤本植物。叶子轮生或交互对生，光滑或有毛，很多种的叶尖有不定芽，能发育成小植株。顶生圆锥锥花序或聚伞花序，花瓣萼片均为4枚。

分布

本属有200种，1种分布美洲，56种来自非洲东部和南部，60种来自马达加斯加，其馀分布在亚洲。

分类

本属大致分为以下几个亚属：^[2]^[3]

伽蓝菜亚属Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe（包括伽蓝菜K. ceratophylla、长寿花K. blossfeldiana、唐印K. luciae等）
伽蓝木亚属Kalanchoe subg. Calophygia（包括伽蓝木K. arborescens、仙人扇K. beharensis、趣蝶莲K. synsepala等）
落地生根亚属Kalanchoe subg. Bryophyllum（包括落地生根K. pinnata、玉吊钟K. fedtschenkoi、极乐鸟藤K. scandens等）
钓宫灯亚属Kalanchoe subg. Kitchingia（包括钓宫灯K. gracilipes、全缘钓宫灯K. manginii以及二者的杂交品种钓鱼竿宫灯等）
宫灯长寿亚属Kalanchoe subg. Alatae（包括宫灯长寿花K. porphyrocalyx、卧茎宫灯长寿K. uniflora，有时并入钓宫灯亚属）

以下是本属部分物种：^[4]

Kalanchoe adelae
Kalanchoe apiifolia D.-P. Klein, Shtein & Callm.^[5]
Kalanchoe arborescens
阔叶极乐鸟 Kalanchoe beauverdii
仙人扇 Kalanchoe beharensis – 仙女之舞、玫叶兔耳
Kalanchoe bentii
长寿花 Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
Kalanchoe bouvetii
红花银伽蓝木 Kalanchoe bracteata – 银景天、银茶匙、银之太鼓
巴西伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe brasiliensis Larrañaga, 1922
伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe ceratophylla Haw., 1821 – 小灯笼草
圆齿伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe crenata Britten, 1871
Kalanchoe crundallii I.Verd., 1946
斑背落地生根 Kalanchoe daigremontiana Raym.-Hamet & H.Perrier, 1914 – 缀卞庆、大叶虎纹落地生根、大叶落地生根
Kalanchoe darainensis D.-P. Klein & Callm.^[6]
棒叶落地生根 Kalanchoe delagoensis Eckl. & Zeyh., 1837 – 洋吊钟
Kalanchoe dineshii Syam Radh & Nampy, 2022^[7]
Kalanchoe dinklagei – 麋鹿之舞
白兔耳 Kalanchoe eriophylla – 福兔耳
Kalanchoe fadeniorum
粉叶圆贝草 Kalanchoe farinacea – 圆贝草、圆贝叶
玉吊钟 Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi – 蝴蝶之舞
Kalanchoe figureidoi – 媚惑彩虹
Kalanchoe flammea
掌上珠 Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri
Kalanchoe glaucescens
台南伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe garambiensis – 鹅銮鼻灯笼草
钓宫灯 Kalanchoe gracilipes
Kalanchoe grandidieri
大花伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe grandiflora
白花银伽蓝木 Kalanchoe hildebrantii 银茶匙
湿润落地生根 Kalanchoe humifica – 黑死蝶
Kalanchoe humilis – 紫式部、虎纹伽蓝菜
Kalanchoe hypseloleuce Friis & M. G. Gilbert^[8]
匙叶伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe integra – 匙叶灯笼草
佛甲伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe jongmansii
Kalanchoe kewensis
条裂伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe laciniata
绿叶落地生根 Kalanchoe laetivirens – 蕾丝姑娘、大叶落地生根、宽叶落地生根
砖色伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe lateritia – 圆叶地毡
耳叶玉吊钟 Kalanchoe laxiflora - 翩蝶之舞、锦绣牡丹、疏花落地生根
Kalanchoe linearifolia
长花伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe longiflora – 魔海
唐印 Kalanchoe luciae
大萼落地生根 Kalanchoe macrochlamys
全缘钓宫灯 Kalanchoe manginii
大理石草 Kalanchoe marmorata – 江户紫
圆叶玉吊钟 Kalanchoe marnieriana – 白姬之舞、贝壳
彩萼落地生根 Kalanchoe maromokotrensis – 花灯笼
Kalanchoe millotii – 千兔耳
朱红钓宫灯 Kalanchoe miniata
耳叶掌上珠 Kalanchoe mortagei
盾叶伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe nyikae – 日莲之杯
钝圆伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe obtusa
金伽蓝木 Kalanchoe orgyalis – 金景天、铜茶匙、金卵
盾叶钓宫灯 Kalanchoe peltata
盾叶玉吊钟 Kalanchoe peltigera
Kalanchoe peteri
Kalanchoe petitiana
落地生根 Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers.^[9]
宫灯长寿花 Kalanchoe porphyrocalyx
Kalanchoe prasina
珠芽落地生根 Kalanchoe prolifera – 五节之舞
Kalanchoe producta
柔毛钓宫灯 Kalanchoe pubescens
银叶伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe pumila – 白银之舞
Kalanchoe quartiniana
雀扇 Kalanchoe rhombopilosa
- Kalanchoe rhombipilosa var. viridis – 绿雀扇
- Kalanchoe rhombopilosa var. argentea – 碧灵芝
Kalanchoe robusta
Kalanchoe rolandi-bonapartei
戟叶玉吊钟 Kalanchoe rosei
绿叶圆贝草 Kalanchoe rotundifolia – 小圆贝、花叶圆贝草
极乐鸟藤 Kalanchoe scandens – 极乐鸟
花莛圆贝草 Kalanchoe scapigera
藤宫灯 Kalanchoe schizophylla
锯叶玉吊钟 Kalanchoe serrata
朱莲 Kalanchoe sexangularis
折瓣伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe streptantha
绿叶掌上珠 Kalanchoe suarezensis
趣蝶莲 Kalanchoe synsepala – 双飞蝴蝶
台东伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe tashiroi
四叶伽蓝木 Kalanchoe tetraphylla
Kalanchoe thyrsiflora
褐斑伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe tomentosa – 月兔耳
卧茎宫灯长寿 Kalanchoe uniflora
Kalanchoe viguieri – 新加坡兔
变叶玉吊钟 Kalanchoe variifolia 渐狭玉吊钟
Kalanchoe waldheimii

杂交种：

Kalanchoe ×cantabrigiensis Guillaumin
Kalanchoe ×descoingsii Shtein, Gideon F.Sm. & J.Ikeda
Kalanchoe ×edwardii Gideon F.Sm. & Shtein
Kalanchoe ×estrelae Gideon F.Sm.
Kalanchoe ×felthamensis
Kalanchoe ×flaurantia Desc.
Kalanchoe ×forbesiae Gideon F.Sm. & Hankey
Kalanchoe ×gildenhuysii Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo
Kalanchoe ×gunniae Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo
Kalanchoe ×hankeyi Gideon F.Sm.
箭叶落地生根 Kalanchoe ×houghtonii D.B.Ward – 不死鸟
Kalanchoe ×hummeliae Gideon F.Sm.
Kalanchoe ×kewensis W.Watson
Kalanchoe ×leistneri Gideon F.Sm.
Kalanchoe ×lokarana Desc.
条叶落地生根 Kalanchoe ×richaudii Desc.
矮长寿花 Kalanchoe ×trageri Gideon F.Sm.

栽培品种：

钓鱼竿宫灯 Kalanchoe cv. Tessa
锦蝶落地生根 Kalanchoe cv. Pink butterflies

参考文献

^ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中国数字植物标本馆. [2012-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）.
^ Smith, Gideon F. The 'woody clade' in Kalanchoe: reinstatement and amendment of K. subg. Calophygia (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) published by Bernard Marie Descoings in 2006. Phytotaxa. 2023-09-26, 616 (2): 113–127. ISSN 1179-3163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.616.2.1.
^ Rodewald, Seraina E.; Klein, David-Paul; Shtein, Ronen; Smith, Gideon F.; Joyce, Elizabeth; Briones, Diego F. Morales; Bernhard, Sven; Letsara, Rokiman; Mertes, Hannah. A new phylogenetic framework for the genus Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) and implications for infrageneric classification. bioRxiv. 2024-10-19 [2024-12-02]. doi:10.1101/2024.10.17.618389.
^ Kalanchoe Adans.. GBIF. [2023-05-29]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-27）.
^ David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Thomas Janssen and Martin W. Callmander. 2022. Novelties from the Northern Mountains Complex of Madagascar VI: Kalanchoe apiifolia (Crassulaceae), A particular New Species. Candollea. 77(2); 193-198. DOI: 10.15553/c2022v772a6
^ David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Louis Nusbaumer and Martin W. Callmander. 2021. Kalanchoe darainensis (Crassulaceae), A New Species from northeastern Madagascar. Candollea. 76(1); 117-123. DOI: 10.15553/c2021v761a12
^ Syam Radh Sasi and Santhosh Nampy. 2022. Kalanchoe dineshii (Crassulaceae), A New Species from southern Western Ghats, India. Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid. 79(2); e127. DOI: doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2591
^ Ib Friis, Michael G. Gilbert, Paulo van Breugel, Odile Weber and Sebsebe Demissew. 2017. Kalanchoe hypseloleuce (Crassulaceae), A New Species from eastern Ethiopia, with Notes on its Habitat. Kew Bulletin. 72:30. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-017-9704-7
^ POTWO 2019.

[1] 中国种子植物科属词典. 中国数字植物标本馆. [2012-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）.

[2] Smith, Gideon F. The 'woody clade' in Kalanchoe: reinstatement and amendment of K. subg. Calophygia (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) published by Bernard Marie Descoings in 2006. Phytotaxa. 2023-09-26, 616 (2): 113–127. ISSN 1179-3163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.616.2.1.

[3] Rodewald, Seraina E.; Klein, David-Paul; Shtein, Ronen; Smith, Gideon F.; Joyce, Elizabeth; Briones, Diego F. Morales; Bernhard, Sven; Letsara, Rokiman; Mertes, Hannah. A new phylogenetic framework for the genus Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) and implications for infrageneric classification. bioRxiv. 2024-10-19 [2024-12-02]. doi:10.1101/2024.10.17.618389.

[4] Kalanchoe Adans.. GBIF. [2023-05-29]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-27）.

[5] David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Thomas Janssen and Martin W. Callmander. 2022. Novelties from the Northern Mountains Complex of Madagascar VI: Kalanchoe apiifolia (Crassulaceae), A particular New Species. Candollea. 77(2); 193-198. DOI: 10.15553/c2022v772a6

[6] David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Louis Nusbaumer and Martin W. Callmander. 2021. Kalanchoe darainensis (Crassulaceae), A New Species from northeastern Madagascar. Candollea. 76(1); 117-123. DOI: 10.15553/c2021v761a12

[7] Syam Radh Sasi and Santhosh Nampy. 2022. Kalanchoe dineshii (Crassulaceae), A New Species from southern Western Ghats, India. Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid. 79(2); e127. DOI: doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2591

[8] Ib Friis, Michael G. Gilbert, Paulo van Breugel, Odile Weber and Sebsebe Demissew. 2017. Kalanchoe hypseloleuce (Crassulaceae), A New Species from eastern Ethiopia, with Notes on its Habitat. Kew Bulletin. 72:30. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-017-9704-7

[FOOTNOTEPOTWO2019-9] POTWO 2019.

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