量子心灵
量子心灵（Quantum mind）或量子意识（Quantum consciousness）[1]，是一个科学猜想，认为经典物理不能解释意识的产生，而量子力学现象，如量子纠缠和量子叠加，会在大脑的运行中起到关键作用，可能是理解意识的基础。这不是一个单一理论，而是许多不同构想的集合。迄今这类理论依旧是边缘科学，而实验证据反对此说法。[2]
历史
[编辑]尤金·维格纳提出了量子力学与心灵活动有关的想法。他认为波函数由于与意识的相互作用而坍缩。弗里曼·戴森说：“正如能做出选择的能力所体现的那样，意识在某种程度上来说与每个电子都有内在联系。”[3]
一些其他当代物理学家和哲学家认为这些观点不可信。[4]维克特·斯登格认为量子意识是“应该与神，独角兽和龙相提并论”的“没有科学依据”的“谬见”。[5]
戴维·查尔莫斯反对量子意识。他反而讨论了量子力学与二元意识的关系。查尔莫斯对任何新物理学解决知觉难题的能力持怀疑态度。实验证据指出罗杰·彭罗斯等人的量子意识理论不太可能成立。[2]
参见
[编辑]参考资料
[编辑]- ^ Quantum Approaches to Consciousness. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. First published Tue Nov 30, 2004; substantive revision Thu May 19, 2011 [2014-10-17]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-08）.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Derakhshani, Maaneli; Diósi, Lajos; Laubenstein, Matthias; Piscicchia, Kristian; Curceanu, Catalina. At the crossroad of the search for spontaneous radiation and the Orch OR consciousness theory. Physics of Life Reviews. September 2022, 42: 8–14 [2024-03-29]. doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2022.05.004. （原始内容存档于2024-03-29）.
- ^ Dyson, Freeman. Infinite in All Directions: Gifford Lectures Given at Aberdeen, Scotland April--November 1985 1st Perennial. New York: Perennial. 2004: 297. ISBN 0060728892.
- ^ Searle, John R. The Mystery of Consciousness 1. New York: New York Review of Books. 1997: 53–88. ISBN 9780940322066.
- ^ Stenger, Victor. The Myth of Quantum Consciousness (PDF). The Humanist. 53 No 3 (May–June 1992). : 13–15 [2017-04-25]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-06-06）.
延伸阅读
[编辑]- Flanagan, Brian. Are Perceptual Fields Quantum Fields? （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- Hodgson, David. The Mind Matters. Oxford University Press, 1993.
- Koch, C. and Hepp, K., "Quantum mechanics in the brain", Nature 440, 611 (30 March 2006)
- Litt et al., "Is the Brain a Quantum Computer?" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Cognitive Science (2006)
- Lockwood, Michael. Mind, Brain and the Quantum. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Basil Blackwell Ltd., 1989.
- McFadden, Johnjoe (2000) Quantum Evolution （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-255948-X; ISBN 0-00-655128-9 . Final chapter on the quantum mind.
- Pharaoh, M.C. (online). Looking to quantum mechanics for a reductive explanation of the noumenon of consciousness Retrieved June.21 2008.
- Schrödinger, Erwin. Mind and Matter. Cambridge University Press, 1959.
- Weyl, Hermann. Mind and Nature, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1934.
- Wigner, Eugene. "Physics and the Explanation of Life", in Foundations of Physics, vol. 1, 1970, pp. 34–45.
外部链接
[编辑]- Center for Consciousness Studies （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, directed by Stuart Hameroff
- Online papers on consciousness （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- Stanford Univ. Encyclopedia of Philosophy critical survey article Harald Altmanspacher (2006) Quantum Approaches to Consciousness （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- "What is an Essentially Quantum Mechanical Effect?", Osvaldo Pessoa Jr.
- Quantum-Mind （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
