伟大美国小说

伟大美国小说，为代表美国的时代精神，是准确的主题的小说。它被假定为一个美国作家以普通美国公民的角度，来了解国家、文化。在历史上，它有时也等同于美国的民族史诗。

概述

虽然小说早在17世纪的美国殖民时期就已经出现，但是不具有“美国”小说的身份，直到“美国文学” 于18世纪开始为止。美国是一个国家，同时反映其文学的发展。

“伟大美国小说”的称呼源于美国南北战争时期小说家约翰·威廉·德·佛瑞斯特（John William De Forest）的一篇文章。然而，更广泛地说，这种概念起源于美国民族主义，而伟大的英国作家当时如此称呼美国作家。

在现代用法中，这个词往往是比喻与代表一种美国文学在一个特定的时代的文学基准写作方式。怀有抱负的作家，尤其是学生，经常说要创作出“伟大美国小说”。从理论上讲，这样的小说也许曾经被创作出来，或不曾被创作出来。因此，“伟大美国小说”是柏拉图式的理想，没有任何特定的文本。

参考资料

^ Buell, Lawrence. The Unkillable Dream of the Great American Novel: Moby-Dick as Test Case. [2010-10-26]. American Literary History Volume 20, Issue 1-2 Pp. 132-155. （原始内容存档于2016-01-08）.
^ Brown, Robert B. One Hundred Years of Huck Finn. American Heritage Publishing. June/July 1984 [2011-12-10]. （原始内容存档于2011-08-18）. 请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助) It was called the “great American novel” as early as 1891 by the English writer Andrew Lang... ”
^ The Columbia History of the American Novel （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） By Emory Elliott, Cathy N. Davidson p. 323 "The Great Gatsby (1925), a work still frequently nominated as 'the great American novel.'"
^ Hirsch, Arthur. The real great American Novel: 'Absalom, Absalom!' Faulkner: His ninth novel, for its span, its revelation, its American essence, stands above all others in reaching for this literary absolute.. The Baltimore Sun (Baltimore, MD). 1997-11-16 [2010-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2011-12-29）.
^ Hammond, Margo. Norman Mailer on the Media and the Message. Book Babes. The Poynter Institute. February 6, 2004 [2010-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2010-10-16）. Norman Mailer is a Pulitzer Prize winning literary critic, and it is his opinion that: "The Great American Novel is no longer writable. We can't do what John Dos Passos did. His trilogy on America came as close to the Great American Novel as anyone. You can't cover all of America now. It's too detailed."
^ Dana, Gioia. The Grapes of Wrath Radio Show - Transcript. The Big Read. The National Endowment for the Arts. [2010-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2011-07-17）. Richard Rodriguez is a famous American writer. In this interview he referred to the Grapes of Wrath as The Great American Novel: "There hasn't been anything like this novel since it was written. And this is the great American novel that everyone keeps waiting for but it has been written now."
^ Nixon, Rob. The Grapes of Wrath. This Month Spotlight. Turner Classic Movies. [2010-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2013-01-04）. Nixon quotes John Springer, author of The Fondas (Citadel, 1973), a book about Henry Fonda and his role in film version of The Grapes of Wrath: "The Great American Novel made one of the few enduring Great American Motion Pictures."
^ Wolverton, II, Joe. J.D. Salinger, Dead at 91. The New American Magazine. January 29, 2010 [2010-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-06）. "While a student at Ursinus College in Collegeville, Pennsylvania, Salinger amused and annoyed his fellow students by traipsing about campus proclaiming that he would be the author of the next Great American Novel. That his Catcher in the Rye was such a book is indisputable.
^ Giles, Patrick, The Great American Novel, Los Angeles Times, 2002-09-15 [2012-11-05], （原始内容存档于2011-12-29）
^ Amis, Martin, Review, The Atlantic Monthly (quoted by Powell's Books), [2012-11-05], （原始内容存档于2020-11-11） Martin Amis is a well-known British novelist and professor of creative writing at the University of Manchester. It is his opinion that "The Adventures of Augie March is the Great American Novel. Search no further. All the trails went cold 42 years ago. The quest did what quests very rarely do; it ended."
^ Williams, Mary Elizabeth. Lolita by Vladimir Nabokov. Personal Best. Salon. [2010-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2009-05-03）. Mary Elizabeth Williams is Salon's Table Talk host. She opens her review with these lines: "Some say the Great American Novel is Huckleberry Finn, some say it's The Jungle, some say it's The Great Gatsby. -- Vladimir Nabokov's Lolita".
^ Jameson, Frederick. The Seeds of Time. New York, NY: Columbia University Press. 1996: 214 pages [2012-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2011-12-29）. "These are familiar features of daily life in the super state from which, it should be noted, high modernism in the United States - in theory and in practice alike, fifties aestheticism organized around Pound and Henry James and Wallace Stevens and the New Criticism - was in desperate flight; of our great modern writers, only Nabokov handled this kind of material, in Lolita, which thereby at once became The Great American Novel,- but of course he was a foreigner to begin with." (Page 146-147).
^ Puente, Maria. 'To Kill a Mockingbird': Endearing, enduring at 50 years. USA Today. 2010-07-08 [2012-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2011-10-17）. "It is Lee's only book and one of the handful that could earn the title of Great American Novel."
^ Ruch, Alan. Introduction to GR. The Modern World. April 1, 1997 [2010-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2010-09-15）. "It is the Great American Novel come at last, a postmodern masterpiece."
^ Weisenburger, Steven. A Gravity's Rainbow Companion. University of Georgia Press. 2006: 412 [2012-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2011-12-29）. "Thomas Pynchon's big book quickly confirmed him as one of the few novelists of unprecedented genius to emerge in the postwar era. Here was the Great American Novel at last. The reviewers' favorite comparisons were to Moby Dick and Ulysses."
^ San Francisco Review of Books. [2012-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2011-11-29）. "Gaddis has written the long-awaited great American novel... A beautiful book and a brilliant author."
^ http://oyc.yale.edu/english/american-novel-since-1945/content/transcripts/transcript-18-cormac-mccarthy-blood-meridian-cont^{[永久失效链接]}.
^ What Is the Best Work of American Fiction of the Last 25 Years?. [2012-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2018-02-25）.
^ Morton, Brian. Scotland on Sunday. [2012-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-18）. "Pynchon's finest work yet...if anyone is still looking for the Great American Novel then this may well be it."
^ Benjamin Alsup. Jonathan Franzen Will Go Down Swinging - Some people believe the era of the Great American Novel is over. Freedom makes them look like fools.. August 11, 2010 [2014-12-13]. （原始内容存档于2014-11-24）（英语）.

外部链接

The American Novel | PBS（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[1] Buell, Lawrence. The Unkillable Dream of the Great American Novel: Moby-Dick as Test Case. [2010-10-26]. American Literary History Volume 20, Issue 1-2 Pp. 132-155. （原始内容存档于2016-01-08）.

[2] Brown, Robert B. One Hundred Years of Huck Finn. American Heritage Publishing. June/July 1984 [2011-12-10]. （原始内容存档于2011-08-18）. 请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助) It was called the “great American novel” as early as 1891 by the English writer Andrew Lang... ”

[3] The Columbia History of the American Novel （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） By Emory Elliott, Cathy N. Davidson p. 323 "The Great Gatsby (1925), a work still frequently nominated as 'the great American novel.'"

[4] Hirsch, Arthur. The real great American Novel: 'Absalom, Absalom!' Faulkner: His ninth novel, for its span, its revelation, its American essence, stands above all others in reaching for this literary absolute.. The Baltimore Sun (Baltimore, MD). 1997-11-16 [2010-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2011-12-29）.

[5] Hammond, Margo. Norman Mailer on the Media and the Message. Book Babes. The Poynter Institute. February 6, 2004 [2010-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2010-10-16）. Norman Mailer is a Pulitzer Prize winning literary critic, and it is his opinion that: "The Great American Novel is no longer writable. We can't do what John Dos Passos did. His trilogy on America came as close to the Great American Novel as anyone. You can't cover all of America now. It's too detailed."

[6] Dana, Gioia. The Grapes of Wrath Radio Show - Transcript. The Big Read. The National Endowment for the Arts. [2010-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2011-07-17）. Richard Rodriguez is a famous American writer. In this interview he referred to the Grapes of Wrath as The Great American Novel: "There hasn't been anything like this novel since it was written. And this is the great American novel that everyone keeps waiting for but it has been written now."

[7] Nixon, Rob. The Grapes of Wrath. This Month Spotlight. Turner Classic Movies. [2010-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2013-01-04）. Nixon quotes John Springer, author of The Fondas (Citadel, 1973), a book about Henry Fonda and his role in film version of The Grapes of Wrath: "The Great American Novel made one of the few enduring Great American Motion Pictures."

[8] Wolverton, II, Joe. J.D. Salinger, Dead at 91. The New American Magazine. January 29, 2010 [2010-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-06）. "While a student at Ursinus College in Collegeville, Pennsylvania, Salinger amused and annoyed his fellow students by traipsing about campus proclaiming that he would be the author of the next Great American Novel. That his Catcher in the Rye was such a book is indisputable.

[9] Giles, Patrick, The Great American Novel, Los Angeles Times, 2002-09-15 [2012-11-05], （原始内容存档于2011-12-29）

[10] Amis, Martin, Review, The Atlantic Monthly (quoted by Powell's Books), [2012-11-05], （原始内容存档于2020-11-11） Martin Amis is a well-known British novelist and professor of creative writing at the University of Manchester. It is his opinion that "The Adventures of Augie March is the Great American Novel. Search no further. All the trails went cold 42 years ago. The quest did what quests very rarely do; it ended."

[11] Williams, Mary Elizabeth. Lolita by Vladimir Nabokov. Personal Best. Salon. [2010-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2009-05-03）. Mary Elizabeth Williams is Salon's Table Talk host. She opens her review with these lines: "Some say the Great American Novel is Huckleberry Finn, some say it's The Jungle, some say it's The Great Gatsby. -- Vladimir Nabokov's Lolita".

[12] Jameson, Frederick. The Seeds of Time. New York, NY: Columbia University Press. 1996: 214 pages [2012-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2011-12-29）. "These are familiar features of daily life in the super state from which, it should be noted, high modernism in the United States - in theory and in practice alike, fifties aestheticism organized around Pound and Henry James and Wallace Stevens and the New Criticism - was in desperate flight; of our great modern writers, only Nabokov handled this kind of material, in Lolita, which thereby at once became The Great American Novel,- but of course he was a foreigner to begin with." (Page 146-147).

[13] Puente, Maria. 'To Kill a Mockingbird': Endearing, enduring at 50 years. USA Today. 2010-07-08 [2012-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2011-10-17）. "It is Lee's only book and one of the handful that could earn the title of Great American Novel."

[14] Ruch, Alan. Introduction to GR. The Modern World. April 1, 1997 [2010-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2010-09-15）. "It is the Great American Novel come at last, a postmodern masterpiece."

[15] Weisenburger, Steven. A Gravity's Rainbow Companion. University of Georgia Press. 2006: 412 [2012-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2011-12-29）. "Thomas Pynchon's big book quickly confirmed him as one of the few novelists of unprecedented genius to emerge in the postwar era. Here was the Great American Novel at last. The reviewers' favorite comparisons were to Moby Dick and Ulysses."

[16] San Francisco Review of Books. [2012-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2011-11-29）. "Gaddis has written the long-awaited great American novel... A beautiful book and a brilliant author."

[17] ttp://oyc.yale.edu/english/american-novel-since-1945/content/transcripts/transcript-18-cormac-mccarthy-blood-meridian-cont^{[永久失效链接]}.

[18] What Is the Best Work of American Fiction of the Last 25 Years?. [2012-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2018-02-25）.

[19] Morton, Brian. Scotland on Sunday. [2012-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-18）. "Pynchon's finest work yet...if anyone is still looking for the Great American Novel then this may well be it."

[20] Benjamin Alsup. Jonathan Franzen Will Go Down Swinging - Some people believe the era of the Great American Novel is over. Freedom makes them look like fools.. August 11, 2010 [2014-12-13]. （原始内容存档于2014-11-24）（英语）.

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伟大美国小说

概述

相关作品

参考资料

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外部链接