斯佩西亭

斯佩西亭
法律規範狀態
法律規範	美：未列入管制;
識別資訊
	IUPAC命名法 methyl (E)-2-[(2S,3S,12bR)-3-ethyl-8-methoxy-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12b-octahydroindolo[2,3-a]quinolizin-2-yl]-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate; ;
CAS號	14382-79-7
PubChem CID	5376107;
ChemSpider	20124314;
UNII	M3NN8Z8ZJW;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL4546925;
CompTox Dashboard（英語：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID50574160 ;
化學資訊
化學式	C23H30N2O4
摩爾質量	398.50 g·mol−1
3D模型（JSmol（英語：JSmol））	交互式圖像;
熔點	104 °C
	SMILES CC[C@@H]1CN2CCC3=C([C@H]2C[C@@H]1/C(=C\OC)/C(=O)OC)NC4=C3C(=CC=C4)OC;
	InChI InChI=1S/C23H30N2O4/c1-5-14-12-25-10-9-15-21-18(7-6-8-20(21)28-3)24-22(15)19(25)11-16(14)17(13-27-2)23(26)29-4/h6-8,13-14,16,19,24H,5,9-12H2,1-4H3/b17-13+/t14-,16+,19-/m1/s1; Key:LELBFTMXCIIKKX-MYLQJJOTSA-N;

斯佩西亭（英語：Speciociliatine）^[2]是存在於卡痛樹中主要生物鹼，其為卡痛樹中的另一種主要生物鹼帽柱鹼（英語：Mitragynine）的立體異構體。在干葉片中含量為0.00156- 2.9%。^[3]^[4]為一種阿片樣肽受體配體。

藥理作用

已知斯佩西亭是μ-阿片樣肽受體（英語：μ-opioid receptor）和κ-阿片樣肽受體（英語：κ-opioid receptor）的配體，但其起到激動劑還是競爭拮抗劑作用目前存在爭議。^[5]^[6]

在雄性實驗大鼠身上測試表明，口服20 mg/kg斯佩西亭後，斯佩西亭的消除半衰期為2.6 - 5小時，絕對生物利用度為20.7%^[7]。

參考文獻

^ National Center for Biotechnology Information (2022). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 15560576, Speciociliatine..
^ 蘇子仁，賴小平. 汉英、英汉中草药化学成分词汇. 北京: 中國中醫藥出版社. 2006: 710. ISBN 9787801569103.
^ Sharma, A., Kamble, S. H., León, F., Chear, N. J. ‐Y., King, T. I., Berthold, E. C., Ramanathan, S., McCurdy, C. R., Avery, B. A., Simultaneous quantification of ten key Kratom alkaloids in Mitragyna speciosa leaf extracts and commercial products by ultra-performance liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry, Drug Testing and Analysis (Wiley), 2019, 11 (8): 1162–1171, PMC 7927418 , PMID 30997725, doi:10.1002/dta.2604
^ Manwill, P. K., Flores-Bocanegra, L., Khin, M. Raja, H. A.; et al, Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Validation: Quantitative Analysis of Indole and Oxindole Alkaloids Reveals Chemotypes of Plants and Products, Planta Medica (Georg Thieme Verlag KG), 2022, 88 (9/10): 838–857, PMC 9343938 , PMID 35468648, doi:10.1055/a-1795-5876
^ Obeng, S., Kamble, S. H., Reeves, M. E.; et al, Investigation of the Adrenergic and Opioid Binding Affinities, Metabolic Stability, Plasma Protein Binding Properties, and Functional Effects of Selected Indole-Based Kratom Alkaloids, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (American Chemical Society (ACS)), 2019, 63 (1): 433–439, PMC 7676998 , PMID 31834797, doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01465
^ Kruegel, A. C., Gassaway, M. M., Kapoor, A; et al, Synthetic and Receptor Signaling Explorations of the Mitragyna Alkaloids: Mitragynine as an Atypical Molecular Framework for Opioid Receptor Modulators, Journal of the American Chemical Society (American Chemical Society (ACS)), 2016, 138 (21): 6754–6764, PMC 5189718 , PMID 27192616, doi:10.1021/jacs.6b00360
^ Berthold, E. C., Kamble, S. H., Raju, K. S.; et al, Preclinical pharmacokinetic study of speciociliatine, a kratom alkaloid, in rats using an UPLC-MS/MS method, Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis (Elsevier BV), 2021, 194: 113778, PMID 33277117, S2CID 227296714, doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113778

[1] National Center for Biotechnology Information (2022). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 15560576, Speciociliatine..

[2] 蘇子仁，賴小平. 汉英、英汉中草药化学成分词汇. 北京: 中國中醫藥出版社. 2006: 710. ISBN 9787801569103.

[:3-3] Sharma, A., Kamble, S. H., León, F., Chear, N. J. ‐Y., King, T. I., Berthold, E. C., Ramanathan, S., McCurdy, C. R., Avery, B. A., Simultaneous quantification of ten key Kratom alkaloids in Mitragyna speciosa leaf extracts and commercial products by ultra-performance liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry, Drug Testing and Analysis (Wiley), 2019, 11 (8): 1162–1171, PMC 7927418 , PMID 30997725, doi:10.1002/dta.2604

[:2-4] Manwill, P. K., Flores-Bocanegra, L., Khin, M. Raja, H. A.; et al, Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Validation: Quantitative Analysis of Indole and Oxindole Alkaloids Reveals Chemotypes of Plants and Products, Planta Medica (Georg Thieme Verlag KG), 2022, 88 (9/10): 838–857, PMC 9343938 , PMID 35468648, doi:10.1055/a-1795-5876

[:4-5] Obeng, S., Kamble, S. H., Reeves, M. E.; et al, Investigation of the Adrenergic and Opioid Binding Affinities, Metabolic Stability, Plasma Protein Binding Properties, and Functional Effects of Selected Indole-Based Kratom Alkaloids, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (American Chemical Society (ACS)), 2019, 63 (1): 433–439, PMC 7676998 , PMID 31834797, doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01465

[:5-6] Kruegel, A. C., Gassaway, M. M., Kapoor, A; et al, Synthetic and Receptor Signaling Explorations of the Mitragyna Alkaloids: Mitragynine as an Atypical Molecular Framework for Opioid Receptor Modulators, Journal of the American Chemical Society (American Chemical Society (ACS)), 2016, 138 (21): 6754–6764, PMC 5189718 , PMID 27192616, doi:10.1021/jacs.6b00360

[:6-7] Berthold, E. C., Kamble, S. H., Raju, K. S.; et al, Preclinical pharmacokinetic study of speciociliatine, a kratom alkaloid, in rats using an UPLC-MS/MS method, Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis (Elsevier BV), 2021, 194: 113778, PMID 33277117, S2CID 227296714, doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113778

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