Gab

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公司類型 | 股份有限公司 |
---|---|
網站類型 | 社交網絡服務 |
語言 | 多語言 |
總部 | ![]() |
業務範圍 | 世界各地 |
持有者 | Gab AI, Inc. |
創始人 | Andrew Torba(行政總裁) Ekrem Büyükkaya(技術長) |
網址 | gab |
註冊 | 需要 |
推出時間 | 2016年8月15日 |
現狀 | 活躍 |
程式語言 | Mastodon、複刻 (軟件開發) |
Gab是一家美國的另類科技微網誌和社交網絡服務,以其極右翼用戶群聞名[2][3][4][5],總部位於賓夕法尼亞州[6]。
歷史
[編輯]Gab成立於2016年,於2017年5月公開發布[3][7]。
2019年7月,Gab將其軟件基礎設施切換到了免費開源社交網絡服務平台Mastodon的一個分支。Mastodon發表了一份聲明,抗議並譴責Gab試圖「通過隱藏在言論自由的旗幟下變現並為種族主義內容提供平台」。[8][9]
營運模式
[編輯]Gab的功能類似於Twitter[10][11],用戶可以發佈貼文、發起私人聊天、加入群組、直播和購買產品。[6]
Gab還維護電子郵件服務、短訊服務、新聞聚合網站、廣告平台、網頁瀏覽器和允許用戶在第三方網站上進行評論的瀏覽器擴充。[12][13][14][15][16][17]
爭議
[編輯]Gab 聲稱平台促進言論自由、個人自由、「線上資訊自由流動」和基督教價值觀[18][13][19][20]。
然而,研究人員和記者將這些說法,視為對其極端主義生態系統的掩蓋[13][21],並指出Gab已經「多次與導致現實世界暴力事件的激進主義聯絡在一起」[22]。
用戶群
[編輯]Gab被廣泛描述為新納粹主義者、種族主義者、白人至上主義者、白人民族主義者、反猶太主義者、極右翼分子、當勞·特朗普支持者、保守派、右翼自由意志主義者以及匿名者Q等陰謀論信奉者的避風港[23][24],。
Gab同時吸引了那些被其他社交媒體平台封禁的用戶和群體,以及尋求主流社交媒體替代品的用戶。[25][26][27]
極端主義
[編輯]反猶太主義在Gab的內容中佔據顯着地位,該公司本身也曾發表反猶太言論,其行政總裁安德魯·托巴曾推動白人種族滅絕陰謀論[13][20][19]。
Gab在2018年10月匹茲堡猶太教堂槍擊案後,受到了廣泛的公眾關注;襲擊者羅伯特·格列高利·鮑爾斯(Robert Gregory Bowers)在該平台上發佈了極端的反猶太主義言論,並在槍擊事件前發佈表明他立即打算造成傷害的訊息。[28][29][30]
槍擊事件後,Gab被其寄存提供商終止服務,並遭到幾個支付處理機構阻斷服務,因而暫時下線。[31][32][33]
2021年,Gab是計劃於1月6日發動2021年美國國會大廈襲擊事件的平台之一。[34] [35]
中國大陸封鎖
[編輯]依據GreatFire測試,其網站在中國大陸被當局的網墻封鎖,即當地網民無法正常訪問該網站,2020年11月或更早起遭受封鎖至今。[36][37]
參見
[編輯]參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ facebook.com Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic. Alexa Internet. [2020-06-28]. (原始內容存檔於2019-08-01).
- ^ Selyukh, Alina. Feeling Sidelined By Mainstream Social Media, Far-Right Users Jump To Gab. All Things Considered (NPR). 2017-05-21 [2018-11-21]. (原始內容存檔於2018-11-21).
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Jasser, Greta; McSwiney, Jordan; Pertwee, Ed; Zannettou, Savvas. 'Welcome to No. GabFam': Far-right virtual community on Gab
. New Media & Society. 2021-06-28 [2023-07-04]. S2CID 237824766. doi:10.1177/14614448211024546. (原始內容存檔於2022-01-28) –透過SAGE Journals.
We find Gab's technological affordances – including its lack of content moderation, culture of anonymity, microblogging architecture and funding model – have fostered an ideologically eclectic far-right community united by fears of persecution at the hands of 'Big Tech'.
- ^ Zeng, Jing; Schäfer, Mike S. Conceptualizing "Dark Platforms". Covid-19-Related Conspiracy Theories on 8kun and Gab. Digital Journalism. 2021-10-21, 9 (9): 1321–1343 [2023-07-04]. ISSN 2167-0811. S2CID 236279788. doi:10.1080/21670811.2021.1938165. (原始內容存檔於2022-03-02) –透過Taylor & Francis Online.
- ^ Schumacher, Elizabeth. Disclose.TV: English disinformation made in Germany. Deutsche Welle. 2022-02-08 [2022-10-26]. (原始內容存檔於2022-10-26) (英語).
Germany-based Disclose.TV has millions of followers – on Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and far-right social media networks like Gettr and Gab.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 What is Gab? A look at the far-right social media platform backing Doug Mastriano. Pennsylvania Capital-Star. 2022-08-04 [2022-08-05]. (原始內容存檔於2022-08-11) (美國英語).
- ^ Gab. StartEngine. [2017-07-12]. (原始內容存檔於2017-07-12).
- ^ Gab switches to Mastodon's code. Official Mastodon Blog. [2022-12-28]. (原始內容存檔於2021-04-17) (英語).
- ^ Makuch, Ben. The Nazi-Free Alternative to Twitter Is Now Home to the Biggest Far Right Social Network. Vice. 2019-07-11 [2019-07-12]. (原始內容存檔於2019-07-11).
- ^ Hall, Sam. Ukip candidates urge followers to switch to far-right social network Gab. The Observer. 2019-05-11 [2019-05-16]. (原始內容存檔於2019-05-15).
- ^ Lonas, Lexi. Social media platform Gab gains traffic, users following Capitol riot fallout. The Hill. 2021-01-09 [2021-01-09]. (原始內容存檔於2021-01-10) (英語).
- ^ Miller, Cassie; Carroll Rivas, Rachel. The Year in Hate & Extremism 2021. Southern Poverty Law Center. 2022-03-09 [2022-03-12]. (原始內容存檔於2022-03-13) (英語).
- ^ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 Fox, Mira. How one far-right platform has weaponized antisemitism and Christian extremism to foment insurrection. The Forward. 2022-01-05 [2022-01-08]. (原始內容存檔於2022-01-06) (美國英語).
- ^ Conklin, Audrey. What is Gab.com?. Fox Business. 2020-07-10 [2020-08-09]. (原始內容存檔於2020-08-08) (美國英語).
- ^ Morse, Jack. Police are worried about white extremists organizing on Gab Chat, leaked documents show. Mashable. 2020-07-13 [2021-01-23]. (原始內容存檔於2020-07-14) (英語).
- ^ Gilbert, David. Here's How Big Far Right Social Network Gab Has Actually Gotten. Vice News. 2019-08-16 [2021-01-26]. (原始內容存檔於2021-01-27) (英語).
- ^ Online News Challenge: Social Network Gab Takes Aim at Drudge Report With 'Trends'. KNTV. 2019-10-24 [2021-01-23]. (原始內容存檔於2020-08-07) (美國英語).
- ^ Dias, Elizabeth. The Far-Right Christian Quest for Power: 'We Are Seeing Them Emboldened'. The New York Times. 2022-07-08 [2023-07-04]. (原始內容存檔於2022-11-22).
- ^ 19.0 19.1 Timberg, Craig; Harwell, Drew; Elizabeth, Dwoskin; Brown, Emma. From Silicon Valley elite to social media hate: The radicalization that led to Gab
. The Washington Post. 2018-10-31 [2018-01-02]. (原始內容存檔於2018-10-31).
- ^ 20.0 20.1 Thalen, Mikael. Gab's CEO deactivates Twitter account after wildly antisemitic screed. The Daily Dot. 2021-10-20 [2021-10-20]. (原始內容存檔於2021-10-20) (美國英語).
- ^ Zannettou, Savvas; Bradlyn, Barry; De Cristofaro, Emiliano; et al. What is Gab? A Bastion of Free Speech or an Alt-Right Echo Chamber?. Companion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2018. WWW '18 (Lyon, France). 2018-03-13: 1007–1014. ISBN 9781450356404. S2CID 13853370. arXiv:1802.05287
. doi:10.1145/3184558.3191531.
- ^ Ribeiro, Manoel H.; Blackburn, Jeremy; Bradlyn, Barry; De Cristofaro, Emiliano; Stringhini, Gianluca; Long, Summer; Greenberg, Stephanie; Zannettou, Savvas. The Evolution of the Manosphere Across the Web. 2020. arXiv:2001.07600
[cs.CY].
- ^ Gab gets new domain host, expects to be back online Sunday. www.cbsnews.com. [2023-01-26]. (原始內容存檔於2020-10-16) (美國英語).
- ^ 多個來源:
- Roose, Kevin. On Gab, an Extremist-Friendly Site, Pittsburgh Shooting Suspect Aired His Hatred in Full
. The New York Times. 2018-10-28 [2018-10-28]. (原始內容存檔於2018-10-28).
Instead, the man accused of killing 11 people went to Gab, a two-year-old social network that bills itself as a 'free speech' alternative to those platforms, and that has become a haven for white nationalists, neo-Nazis and other extremists.
- Barrabi, Thomas. Social media platform Gab's website, Twitter account are down. Fox News. 2021-02-19 [2021-02-20]. (原始內容存檔於2021-02-20) (美國英語).
- Lorenz, Taylor. The Pittsburgh Suspect Lived in the Web's Darkest Corners. The Atlantic. 2018-10-27 [2022-01-27]. (原始內容存檔於2018-10-27).
Robert Bowers was an avid user of Gab, a social network popular among white nationalists and the alt-right.
- Brustein, Joshua. Gab, an Online Haven for White Supremacists, Plots Its Future. Bloomberg News. 2018-10-30 [2022-01-27]. (原始內容存檔於2018-10-31).
For many people, the massacre in Pittsburgh on Saturday was an introduction to gab.ai, a social-media website popular among right-wing extremists.
- Roose, Kevin. On Gab, an Extremist-Friendly Site, Pittsburgh Shooting Suspect Aired His Hatred in Full
- ^ Wilson, Jason. Gab: alt-right's social media alternative attracts users banned from Twitter. The Guardian. 2016-11-17 [2016-12-03]. (原始內容存檔於2016-12-04).
- ^ Bagavathi, Arunkumar; Bashiri, Pedram; Reid, Shannon; Phillips, Matthew; Krishnan, Siddharth. Examining untempered social media: analyzing cascades of polarized conversations. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining. ASONAM '19 (New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery). 2019-08-27: 625–632. ISBN 978-1-4503-6868-1. S2CID 184487444. arXiv:1906.04261
. doi:10.1145/3341161.3343695.
- ^ Zhou, Yuchen; Dredze, Mark; Broniatowski, David A.; Adler, William D. Elites and foreign actors among the alt-right: The Gab social media platform. First Monday. 2019-08-31, 24 [2023-07-04]. ISSN 1396-0466. S2CID 202670330. doi:10.5210/fm.v24i9.10062. (原始內容存檔於2021-06-28) (英語).
- ^ Hutchinson, Bill; Levine, Mike; Weinstein, Janet; Seyler, Matt. 'Screw the optics, I'm going in': Alleged shooter posts on social media before attack. ABC News. 2018-10-28 [2019-07-03]. (原始內容存檔於2019-07-22).
- ^ Trautwein, Catherine; Thompson, A. C. Brothers Whom Authorities Linked to Pittsburgh Shooting Suspect Had Flyer Supporting Neo-Nazi Group, Officials Say. ProPublica. 2018-11-16 [2019-08-28]. (原始內容存檔於2018-11-28).
- ^ Pagliery, Jose; Toropin, Konstantin. Social network Gab, a home for anti-Semitic speech, produced some of its own. CNN. 2018-10-30 [2018-11-13]. (原始內容存檔於2018-10-31).
- ^ Molina, Brett. Gab, the social network used by accused Pittsburgh synagogue shooter, goes offline. USA Today. 2018-10-29 [2018-10-30]. (原始內容存檔於2018-10-29).
- ^ Linton, Caroline. Gab gets new domain host, expects to be back online Sunday. CBS News. 2018-11-03 [2018-11-05]. (原始內容存檔於2018-11-05).
- ^ Baker, Mike. Seattle-area company helps fringe site Gab return in wake of Pittsburgh synagogue shooting. The Seattle Times. 2018-11-04 [2019-05-05]. (原始內容存檔於2019-05-05).
- ^ Allyn, Bobby. Social Media Site Gab Is Surging, Even As Critics Blame It For Capitol Violence. NPR. 2021-01-17 [2021-01-17]. (原始內容存檔於2021-01-22) (英語).
- ^ Purchasing Social Media Signals. [2022-05-28].
- ^ gab.com 在中国的审查情况. zh.greatfire.org. [2022-11-17]. (原始內容存檔於2022-11-17).
- ^ https gab.com 在中国 100% 被封锁. zh.greatfire.org. [2022-11-17]. (原始內容存檔於2022-11-17).
外部連結
[編輯]- 官方網站(英文)