塘虱
外觀
塘虱魚科 | |
---|---|
塘虱魚 | |
科學分類 | |
界: | 動物界 Animalia |
門: | 脊索動物門 Chordata |
綱: | 輻鰭魚綱 Actinopteri |
目: | 鮎形目 Siluriformes |
科: | 塘虱魚科 Clariidae Bonaparte, 1846 |
屬 | |
見內文 |
塘虱魚科(學名:Clariidae)是輻鰭魚綱鮎形目的其中一科淡水魚,統稱塘虱。塘虱主要在夜間出沒,以進食小魚、蝦及昆蟲、水生植物等維生,食性相當廣。
分類
[編輯]塘虱魚科下分15個屬,如下:[1]
深水鬍鮎屬(Bathyclarias)
[編輯]- 圍鰓深水鬍鮎 Bathyclarias atribranchus
- 寬齒深水鬍鮎 Bathyclarias euryodon
- 蕨鬚深水鬍鮎 Bathyclarias filicibarbis
- 馬拉維深水鬍鮎 Bathyclarias foveolatus
- 長鬚深水鬍鮎 Bathyclarias longibarbis
- 馬拉維湖深水鬍鮎 Bathyclarias nyasensis
- 圓深水鬍鮎 Bathyclarias rotundifrons
- 沃氏深水鬍鮎 Bathyclarias worthingtoni
鱔鬍鮎屬(Channallabes)
[編輯]- 阿氏鱔鬍鮎 Channallabes alvarezi
- 剛果河鱔鬍鮎 Channallabes apus
- 長尾鱔鬍鮎 Channallabes longicaudatus
- 奧果鱔鬍鮎 Channallabes ogooensis
- 桑加鱔鬍鮎 Channallabes sanghaensis
- 托氏鱔鬍鮎 Channallabes teugelsi
耀鮎屬(Clariallabes)
[編輯]- 阿氏耀鮎 Clariallabes attemsi
- 短鬚耀鮎 Clariallabes brevibarbis
- 剛果耀鮎 Clariallabes centralis
- 異頭耀鮎 Clariallabes heterocephalus
- 側頭耀鮎 Clariallabes laticeps
- 長尾耀鮎 Clariallabes longicauda
- 萬年耀鮎 Clariallabes manyangae
- 黑耀鮎 Clariallabes melas
- 坦干伊喀湖耀鮎 Clariallabes mutsindoziensis
- 岩棲耀鮎 Clariallabes petricola
- 皮氏耀鮎 Clariallabes pietschmanni
- 扁臉耀鮎 Clariallabes platyprosopos
- 西氏耀鮎 Clariallabes simeonsi
- 托氏耀鮎 Clariallabes teugelsi
- 於倫耀鮎 Clariallabes uelensis
- 雜色耀鮎 Clariallabes variabilis
鬍鮎屬(Clarias)
[編輯]- 短鬍鮎 Clarias abbreviatus
- 阿博鬍鮎 Clarias agboyiensis
- 白斑鬍鮎 Clarias albopunctatus
- 奧氏鬍鮎 Clarias alluaudi
- 曲鬍鮎 Clarias anfractus
- 安戈爾鬍鮎 Clarias angolensis
- 鰻鬍鮎 Clarias anguillaris
- 蟾鬍鮎 Clarias batrachus
- 巴塔鬍鮎 Clarias batu
- 短身鬍鮎 Clarias brachysoma
- 比氏鬍鮎 Clarias buettikoferi
- 大鬚鬍鮎 Clarias buthupogon
- 喀麥隆鬍鮎 Clarias camerunensis
- 巨噬鬍鮎 Clarias cataractus
- 穴鬍鮎 Clarias cavernicola
- 戴氏鬍鮎 Clarias dayi
- 德氏鬍鮎 Clarias dhonti
- 達氏鬍鮎 Clarias dumerilii
- 杜氏鬍鮎 Clarias dussumieri
- 伊布里鬍鮎 Clarias ebriensis
- 恩氏鬍鮎 Clarias engelseni
- 鬍子鮎 Clarias fuscus
- 加蓬鬍鮎 Clarias gabonensis
- 尖齒鬍鮎 Clarias gariepinus
- 白點鬍鮎 Clarias gracilentus
- 希氏鬍鮎 Clarias hilli
- 異鬍鮎 Clarias insolitus
- 間鬍鮎 Clarias intermedius
- 哈恩鬍鮎 Clarias jaensis
- 西婆羅洲鬍鮎 Clarias kapuasensis
- 光首鬍鮎 Clarias laeviceps
- 拉氏鬍鮎 Clarias lamottei
- 光棘鬍鮎 Clarias leiacanthus
- 裸頭鬍鮎 Clarias liocephalus
- 長鬍鮎 Clarias longior
- 麥氏鬍鮎 Clarias maclareni
- 大頭鬍鮎 Clarias macrocephalus
- 大唇鬍鮎 Clarias macromystax
- 砂棲鬍鮎 Clarias magur
- 黑皮鬍鮎 Clarias meladerma
- 小白點鬍鮎 Clarias microspilus
- 小口鬍鮎 Clarias microstomus
- Clarias monsembulai Bernt & Stiassny, 2022[2]
- 雲紋鬍鮎 Clarias nebulosus
- 鈍齒鬍鮎 Clarias ngamensis
- 尼氏鬍鮎 Clarias nieuhofii
- 暗色鬍鮎 Clarias nigricans
- 黑斑鬍鮎 Clarias nigromarmoratus
- 橢圓鬍鮎 Clarias olivaceus
- 厚絲鬍鮎 Clarias pachynema
- 馬來亞鬍鮎 Clarias planiceps
- 平頭鬍鮎 Clarias platycephalus
- 擬光刺鬍鮎 Clarias pseudoleiacanthus
- 普氏鬍鮎 Clarias pseudonieuhofii
- 薩拉鬍鮎 Clarias salae
- 斑鬍鮎 Clarias stappersii
- 緣鬍鮎 Clarias submarginatus
- 溝鬍鮎 Clarias sulcatus
- 泰氏鬍鮎 Clarias teijsmanni
- 蛇鬍鮎 Clarias theodorae
- 沃氏鬍鮎 Clarias werneri
脂鰭鬍鮎屬(Dinotopterus)
[編輯]- 脂鰭鬍鮎 Dinotopterus cunningtoni
細鬍鮎屬(Dolichallabes)
[編輯]- 小眼細鬍鮎 Dolichallabes microphthalmus
鰻鬍鮎屬(Encheloclarias)
[編輯]- 莖鰻鬍鮎 Encheloclarias baculum
- 短身鰻鬍鮎 Encheloclarias curtisoma
- 長臂鰻鬍鰻 Encheloclarias kelioides
- 婆羅洲鰻鬍鮎 Encheloclarias prolatus
- 細鰭鰻鬍鮎 Encheloclarias tapeinopterus
- 多鬚鰻鬍鮎 Encheloclarias velatus
裸鬍鮎屬(Gymnallabes)
[編輯]異鰓鮎屬(Heterobranchus)
[編輯]- 雙背鰭異鰓鮎 Heterobranchus bidorsalis
- 博氏異鰓鮎 Heterobranchus boulengeri
- 等鰭異鰓鮎 Heterobranchus isopterus
- 長絲異鰓鮎 Heterobranchus longifilis
盲鬍鮎屬(Horaglanis)
[編輯]- 艾杜氏盲鬍鮎 Horaglanis abdulkalami Babu, 2012
- 阿氏盲鬍鮎 Horaglanis alikunhii Babu & Nayar, 2004
- 克氏盲鬍鮎 Horaglanis krishnai Menon, 1950
- Horaglanis populi [3]
扁髯鮎屬(Platyallabes)
[編輯]- 蒂氏扁髯鮎 Platyallabes tihoni (Poll, 1944)
扁鬍鮎屬(Platyclarias)
[編輯]- 麥氏扁鬍鮎 Platyclarias machadoi Platyclarias machadoi Poll, 1977
Pseudotanganikallabes 屬
[編輯]- Pseudotanganikallabes prognatha Wright, 2017[4]
坦噶尼喀鮎屬(Tanganikallabes)
[編輯]無眼胡鮎屬(Uegitglanis)
[編輯]- 無眼胡鮎 Uegitglanis zammaranoi
奇鬍鮎屬(Xenoclarias)
[編輯]- 真鬚奇鬍鮎 Xenoclarias eupogon (Norman, 1928)
參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ Clariidae. GBIF. [2023-05-29]. (原始內容存檔於2021-12-09).
- ^ Maxwell J. Bernt and Melanie L.J. Stiassny. 2022. A New Species of Air-Breathing Catfish (Clariidae: Clarias) from Salonga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo. American Museum Novitates, (3990); 1-20. DOI: 10.1206/3990.1
- ^ Rajeev Raghavan, Remya L. Sundar, C.P. Arjun, Ralf Britz and Neelesh Dahanukar. 2023. Evolution in the Dark: Unexpected Genetic Diversity and Morphological Stasis in the Blind, Aquifer-dwelling Catfish Horaglanis. Vertebrate Zoology. 73: 57-74. DOI: 10.3897/vz.73.e98367
- ^ J. J. Wright. 2017. A New Diminutive Genus and Species of Catfish from Lake Tanganyika (Siluriformes: Clariidae). Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13374