阿波罗型小行星

阿波罗型小行星是以小行星(1862) 阿波罗为首，命名的一群近地小行星。(1862) 阿波罗是由德国天文学家卡尔·雷恩穆斯于1932年4月24日发现的。它们是越地小行星，轨道半长轴大于地球轨道（a > 1 AU），但近日点距离小于地球的远日点距离（q < 1.017 AU）^[1]^[2]。而横越地球轨道的小行星，其中有些非常接近地球，会对地球造成威胁（轨道长半径越接近地球轨道半径，且轨道扁率越小的就会越靠近地球）。

截至2024年10月 (2024-10)^[update]，已知的阿波罗小行星数量为20,412颗，使该类小行星成为近地天体中最大的一群（cf. 阿登，阿莫尔和阿提娜小行星）^[3]，其中，1628是编号（小行星只有在两次获多次冲的观测之后，才会被赋予编号），79颗已经被命名，2104颗被确定是潜在危险的小行星^[4]^[5]。

它们的半长轴离地球越近，穿越轨道所需的离心率就越小。于2013年2月15日，在俄罗斯南部乌拉尔地区的车里雅宾斯克，使飞溅的窗玻璃碎屑造成大约1,500人受伤的车里雅宾斯克陨石，就是一颗阿波罗型小行星^[6]^[7]。

列表

已知最大的阿波罗型小行星是(1866) 西西弗斯，直径约为 8.5 km。已知的阿波罗型小行星的例子包括：

名称	Year	发现者/第一次发现 ^(A)	Ref
2024 PT₅	2024	ATLAS-SAAO	MPC
2019 SU₃	2019	ATLAS-HKO	MPC
2016 WF₉	2016	NEOWISE	MPC
(671294) 2014 JO₂₅	2014	CSS	MPC
2013 FW₁₃	2013	CSS	MPC
2013 RH₇₄	2013	CSS	MPC
[[2011 MD{{{2}}}\|2011 MD_{{{2}}}]]	2011	LINEAR	MPC^(B)
2011 EO₄₀	2011	CSS–Mount Lemmon Survey	MPC
2010 AL₃₀	2010	LINEAR	MPC
(529366) 2009 WM₁	2009	CSS	MPC
2009 DD₄₅	2009	Siding Spring Observatory, Australia	MPC
[[(386454) 2008 XM{{{2}}}\|(386454) 2008 XM_{{{2}}}]]	2008	LINEAR	List
2008 TC₃	2008	CSS	MPC
2008 FF₅	2008	CSS–Mount Lemmon Survey	MPC
2007 VK₁₈₄	2007	CSS	MPC
2007 TU₂₄	2007	CSS	MPC
2007 WD₅	2007	CSS	MPC
[[2007 OX{{{2}}}\|2007 OX_{{{2}}}]]	2007	CSS–Mount Lemmon Survey	MPC
(277810) 2006 FV₃₅	2006	Spacewatch	List
(394130) 2006 HY₅₁	2006	LINEAR	List
(292220) 2006 SU₄₉	2006	Spacewatch	List
(308635) 2005 YU₅₅	2005	R. S. McMillan, Steward Observatory, Kitt Peak, USA	List
2005 WY₅₅	2005	Mount Lemmon Survey	MPC
2005 HC₄	2005	LONEOS	MPC
(612901) 2004 XP₁₄	2004	LINEAR	MPC
[[(374158) 2004 UL{{{2}}}\|(374158) 2004 UL_{{{2}}}]]	2004	LINEAR	List
(357439) 2004 BL₈₆	2004	LINEAR	List
(444004) 2004 AS₁	2004	LINEAR	List
2003 RW₁₁	2003	James Whitney Young	MPC
2003 BV₃₅	2003	James Whitney Young	MPC
(89958) 2002 LY₄₅	2002	LINEAR	List
(179806) 2002 TD₆₆	2002	LINEAR	List
54509 YORP	2000	LINEAR	List
162173 Ryugu	1999	LINEAR	List
(137108) 1999 AN₁₀	1999	LINEAR	List
101955 Bennu	1999	LINEAR (Bennu is the target of the OSIRIS-REx mission)	List
1998 KY₂₆	1998	Spacewatch	MPC
(433953) 1997 XR₂	1997	LINEAR	List
65803 Didymos	1996	Spacewatch	List
69230 Hermes	1937	Karl Reinmuth	List
(53319) 1999 JM₈	1999	LINEAR	List
(52760) 1998 ML₁₄	1998	LINEAR	List
(35396) 1997 XF₁₁	1997	Spacewatch	List
25143 Itokawa	1998	LINEAR	List
(136617) 1994 CC	1994	Spacewatch	List
(175706) 1996 FG₃	1996	R. H. McNaught, Siding Spring Observatory, Australia	List
6489 Golevka	1991	Eleanor F. Helin	List
4769 Castalia	1989	Eleanor F. Helin	List
4660 Nereus	1982	Eleanor F. Helin	List
4581 Asclepius	1989	Henry E. Holt, Norman G. Thomas	List
4486 Mithra	1987	Eric Elst, Vladimir Shkodrov	List
14827 Hypnos	1986	Carolyn S. Shoemaker, Eugene Merle Shoemaker	List
4197 Morpheus	1982	Eleanor F. Helin, Eugene Merle Shoemaker	List
4183 Cuno	1959	Cuno Hoffmeister	List
4179 Toutatis	1989	Christian Pollas	List
4015 Wilson–Harrington	1979	Eleanor F. Helin	List
3200 Phaethon	1983	Simon F. Green, John K.Davies / IRAS	List
2063 Bacchus	1977	Charles T. Kowal	List
1866 Sisyphus	1972	Paul Wild	List
1620 Geographos	1951	Albert George Wilson, Rudolph Minkowski	List
(29075) 1950 DA	1950	Carl A. Wirtanen	List
1566 Icarus	1949	Walter Baade	List
1685 Toro	1948	Carl A. Wirtanen	List
2101 Adonis	1936	Eugène Joseph Delporte	List
1862 Apollo	1932	Karl Reinmuth	List
^(A) Discoverer: A discoverer is determined by the MPC when the object is numbered. For unnumbered bodies, the table gives the "first observer". LINEAR: Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research CSS : Catalina Sky Survey Spacewatch, on Kitt Peak, near Tucson, Arizona^[8] ^(B) Classification: 2011 MD is classified as Amor, not Apollo asteroid by the MPC

参考资料

^ Near-Earth Object Groups. JPL – NASA. [11 November 2016]. （原始内容存档于2 February 2002）.
^ Weisstein, Eric. Apollo Asteroid. Wolfram Research. [27 February 2013].
^ NEO Discovery Statistics. [11 November 2016]. （原始内容存档于13 May 2004）.
^ Small-Body Database Query. Solar System Dynamics – Jet Propulsion Laboratory. NASA – California Institute of Technology. [2024-10-11].
^ List of Apollo Minor Planets. IAU Minor Planet Center. Center for Astrophysics. [2024-10-11].
^ Cantor, Matt. Scientists figure out Russia meteor's origin. USA Today. 26 February 2013 [11 November 2016].
^ Jacob Aron. Russian meteor traced to Apollo asteroid family. New Scientist. 26 February 2013 [11 November 2016].
^ The Spacewatch Project, Arizona Board of Regents, 2010

外部链接

List of Apollo minor planets

[NEO-groups-1] Near-Earth Object Groups. JPL – NASA. [11 November 2016]. （原始内容存档于2 February 2002）.

[Wolfram-Apollo-2] Weisstein, Eric. Apollo Asteroid. Wolfram Research. [27 February 2013].

[neo-jpl-stats-3] NEO Discovery Statistics. [11 November 2016]. （原始内容存档于13 May 2004）.

[ssd-jpl-4] Small-Body Database Query. Solar System Dynamics – Jet Propulsion Laboratory. NASA – California Institute of Technology. [2024-10-11].

[5] List of Apollo Minor Planets. IAU Minor Planet Center. Center for Astrophysics. [2024-10-11].

[USA-Today-Chelyabinsk-6] Cantor, Matt. Scientists figure out Russia meteor's origin. USA Today. 26 February 2013 [11 November 2016].

[NewScientist-Chelyabinsk-7] Jacob Aron. Russian meteor traced to Apollo asteroid family. New Scientist. 26 February 2013 [11 November 2016].

[8] The Spacewatch Project, Arizona Board of Regents, 2010

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