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绢木属

维基百科，自由的百科全书

绢木属
科学分类 编辑
界： 植物界 Plantae
演化支： 维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支： 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支： 真双子叶植物 Eudicots
演化支： 蔷薇类植物 Rosids
目： 桃金娘目 Myrtales
科： 野牡丹科 Melastomataceae
属： 绢木属 Miconia
Ruiz & Pav., 1794
种

见正文

异名
  • Abrophaes Raf.
  • Acidodendron Kuntzebahiana
  • Acinodendron Raf.
  • Acinolis Raf.
  • Amphitoma Gleason
  • Anaectocalyx Triana ex Benth. & Hook.f.
  • Angeja Vand.
  • Anoectocalyx J.J.Triana ex C.A.Cogniaux, 1891
  • Antisola Raf.
  • Augustinea A.St.-Hil. & Naudin
  • Auliphas Raf.
  • Calophysa DC.
  • Calycogonium DC.
  • Capitellaria Naudin
  • Catachaenia Griseb.
  • Catocoryne Hook.f.
  • Catonia P.Browne
  • Chaenopleura Rich. ex DC.
  • Chiloporus Naudin
  • Chitonia D.Don
  • Clastilix Raf.
  • Conostegia D.Don
  • Copedesma Gleason
  • Cremanium D.Don
  • Cryptophysa Standl. & J.F.Macbr.
  • Cyanophyllum Naudin
  • Cyathanthera Pohl
  • Dancera Raf.
  • Decaraphe Miq.
  • Diplochita DC.
  • Diplodonta H.Karst.
  • Ekmaniocharis Urb.
  • Eurychaenia Griseb.
  • Eustegia Raf.
  • Folomfis Raf.
  • Fothergilla Aubl.
  • Gallasia Mart. ex DC.
  • Glossocentrum Crueg.
  • Gonema Raf.
  • Happia Neck.
  • Harrera Macfad.
  • Hartigia Miq.
  • Heterotrichum DC.
  • Heterotrichum Triana
  • Hormocalyx Gleason
  • Hosangia Neck.
  • Icaria J.F.Macbr.
  • Jucunda Cham.
  • Killipia Gleason
  • Leonicenia Scop.
  • Lieutautia Buc'hoz
  • Lomanthera Raf.
  • Maieta Aubl.
  • Mecranium Hook.f.
  • Menendezia Britton
  • Miconiastrum Bonpl. ex Naudin
  • Microphysa Naudin
  • Microphysca Naudin
  • Microphysca Triana
  • Mommsenia Urb. & Ekman
  • Muelleramra Kuntze
  • Myrmidone Mart.
  • Naudinia A.Rich.
  • Necramium Britton
  • Octella Raf.
  • Octomeris Naudin
  • Octonum Raf.
  • Pachydesmia Gleason
  • Pleiochiton Naudin ex A.Gray
  • Pleurochaenia Griseb.
  • Pogonorhynchus Crueg.
  • Prosanerpis S.F.Blake
  • Pterocladon Hook.f.
  • Schizanthera Turcz.
  • Sericola Raf.
  • Soltmannia Naudin
  • Sphaerogyne Naudin
  • Staphidiastrum Naudin
  • Staphidium Naudin
  • Stephanotrichum Naudin
  • Synodon Raf.
  • Synoptera Raf.
  • Tamonea Aubl. ex Krasser
  • Terera Naudin
  • Tetrazygia Rich. ex DC.
  • Tetrazygiopsis Borhidi
  • Tetrazygos Tococa
  • Aubl. Truncaria
  • DC. Ziegera
  • Raf.

绢木属（学名：Miconia），也称大叶野牡丹属，是野牡丹科中物种最多的属，截至2025年二月共有1902种[1]，也是美洲分布被子植物中最大的属之一[2]。

其原生区域从墨西哥西部和加勒比地区南延至乌拉圭及阿根廷北部，海拔分布范围较广，从约海平面高度的低地雨林到高山草甸都有分布，部分物种入侵太平洋诸岛（例如米氏野牡丹[3]）。绢木属植物虽无显著经济价值，却在热带及亚热带森林系统中占有重要的生态作用，例如其多汁的果实常为鸟类等动物的食物[4][5]。本属多为灌木或小型乔木，可在受干扰后形成的次生林中快速繁衍出茂密的群落[6]，多见于常年降雨、湿润、林冠遮蔽的丘陵地貌，但也有部分物种分布在季节性降雨的地区，少数生于落叶林和疏林草原，基本不见于较干旱的地带（例如巴西的卡廷加群落（英语：Caatinga）和安第斯山脉南麓的大查科地带）。本属也有藤蔓、半附生及全附生性小灌木，极少数为高达近30米的大型乔木（波佩格绢木 M. poeppigii[7]）。

本属的学名以加泰罗尼亚医生、植物学家弗兰塞斯克·米科（加泰罗尼亚语：Francesc Micó）（1528－1592?）的姓氏命名。

下属物种

[编辑]

本属包括以下物种：[8]

归入本属的物种：

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ Miconia Ruiz & Pav.. Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. [2025-02-21] （英语）. 
  2. ^ Goldenberg, Renato; Penneys, Darin S.; Almeda, Frank; Judd, Walter S.; Michelangeli, Fabián A. Phylogeny of Miconia (Melastomataceae): Patterns of Stamen Diversification in a Megadiverse Neotropical Genus. International Journal of Plant Sciences. 2008-09, 169 (7): 963–979. doi:10.1086/589697. 
  3. ^ THE TARGET: Miconia (Miconia calvescens). Hawaii Invasive Species Council. State of Hawaii. [2025-02-21] （英语）. 
  4. ^ Stiles, F. Gary; Rosselli, Loreta. Consumption of fruits of the Melastomataceae by birds: how diffuse is coevolution?. Vegetatio. 1993-06,. 107-108 (1): 57–73. doi:10.1007/BF00052211. 
  5. ^ de Figueiredo, Rodolfo Antônio; Longatti, Claudia Aparecida. Ecological aspects of the dispersal of a melastomataceae by marmosets and howler monkeys (Primates : Platyrrhini) in a semideciduous forest of southeastern Brazil. Revue d'Écologie: 3–8. 1997 [2025-02-21]. 
  6. ^ Baider, C.; Tabarelli, M.; Mantovani, W. O Banco de sementes de um trecho de uma floresta Atlântica montana (São Paulo - Brasil). Revista Brasileira de Biologia. 1999-05, 59 (2): 319–328. doi:10.1590/S0034-71081999000200014. 
  7. ^ Miconia poeppigii - Useful Tropical Plants. tropical.theferns.info. 
  8. ^ Miconia Ruiz & Pav.. GBIF. [2023-05-30]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-30）. 
  9. ^ Renato Goldenberg, Jôane Coelho de Jesus and André M. Amorim. 2020. Miconia bahiana (Melastomataceae, Miconieae), A New Species from semideciduous forest in Bahia, Brazil. Plant Ecology and Evolution. 153(1); 152–159. DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.2020.1659
  10. ^ Juan C. Angulo and Fabián A. Michelangeli. 2023. Miconia burkeae (Melastomataceae), A New dioecious Tree from the Montane Forests of the Peruvian Andes. Brittonia. DOI: 10.1007/s12228-023-09759-7
  11. ^ Renato Goldenberg, Fabián A. Michelangeli, Juliana K. Ziemmer and André M. Amorim. 2023. Miconia dianae (Melastomataceae), A New Species from Bahia (Brazil) with Notes on leaf and hypanthium surfaces. Brazilian Journal of Botany. DOI: 10.1007/s40415-023-00932-6
  12. ^ Frank Almeda and Ricardo Pacifico. 2023. A New Miconia (Melastomataceae) from Cusuco National Park, Honduras. Phytotaxa. 578(2); 199-206. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.578.2.6
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