硫酚
外观

硫酚(thiophenols)是一类巯基与芳基相连的有机化合物,它在结构上是酚的氧原子被硫取代的产物。
合成
[编辑]硫酚可以酚为原料,转化为硫代氨基甲酸酯后,经过Newman–Kwart重排反应,再加热分解制得:[1]
性质
[编辑]酸性
[编辑]硫酚的酸性强于相应的酚类化合物,且接有吸电子基团的硫酚酸性更强。例如,苯硫酚的pKa为6.2,4-硝基苯硫酚的pKa为4.4[2],对比苯酚和4-硝基苯酚的pKa分别为9.99和7.15。[3]
还原性
[编辑]硫酚在碱存在下容易被氧化为相应的二硫化物。在反应过程中,硫酚在碱作用下生成硫酚阴离子(ArS−),然后被氧气氧化为硫酚自由基(ArS·),最后发生二聚,形成ArSSAr。[4]
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Melvin S. Newman and Frederick W. Hetzel (1971). "Thiophenols from Phenols: 2-Naphthalenethiol". Org. Synth. 51: 139.
- ^ Kevin N. Dalby and William P. Jencks. General acid catalysis of the reversible addition of thiolate anions to cyanamide. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 1997, 1555-1564. doi:10.1039/A700205J.
- ^ My N T, Van Din N, Van Bay M. The prediction of pKa values for phenolic compounds by the DFT theory[J]. Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ-Đại học Đà Nẵng, 2022. 20 (6.1): 50-57. doi:10.31130/ud-jst.2022.047E.
- ^ Thomas J. Wallace; Alan Schriesheim;William Bartok. The Base-catalyzed Oxidation of Mercaptans. III. Role of the Solvent and Effect of Mercaptan Structure on the Rate Determining Step. J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28 (5): 1311–1314. doi:10.1021/jo01040a038.