栉虫目

栉虫目; 化石时期：中寒武纪至志留纪 PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	节肢动物门 Arthropoda
（未分级）：	†类肢类 Artiopoda
纲：	†三叶虫纲 Trilobita
目：	†栉虫目 Asaphida; Fortey & Chatterton, 1988
总科
	Anomocaroidea; Asaphoidea; Dikelokephaloidea; Remopleuridoidea; Cyclopygoidea; Trinucleioidea;

栉虫目（学名：Asaphida）是三叶虫纲下一个体型较大，具备多样性的目。其化石分布于古生代寒武纪中期至志留纪之间的地层。栉虫目三叶虫的头部（cephalon）与尾部（pygidium）通常大小相近，且多数品种外型扁平，胸节数量通常为5至12节，然而某些品种却仅有2个胸节，亦有多达30节的品种^[1]。

古生物学家推测，奥陶纪中期时，目前俄罗斯圣彼得堡附近地区为一内陆海，此内陆海之水质混浊^[2]。使得某些栉虫目三叶虫演化出长眼柄，照片中的 Asaphus kowalewski 即是一个实例。

下列是栉虫目下的各科： ^[3]

Anomocaroidea

Asaphoidea

Asaphidae
^[4]
- Anataphrus Whittington, 1954
- Asaphellus Callaway, 1877
  - Asaphellus artus Robison & Pantoja-Alor, 1968
  - Asaphellus aspinus Robison & Pantoja-Alor, 1968
  - Asaphellus catamarcensis Kobayashi, 1935
  - Asaphellus charoenmiti^[5]
  - Asaphellus clarksoni Tortello & Esteban, 2016
  - Asaphellus communis Robison & Pantoja-Alor, 1968
  - Asaphellus homfrayi (Salter, 1866)
  - Asaphellus isabelae Meroi Arcerito, Waisfeld & Balseiro, 2015
  - Asaphellus jujuanus Harrington, 1937
  - Asaphellus nazarenensis Tortello & Esteban, 2014
  - Asaphellus riojanus Harrington & Leanza, 1957
  - Asaphellus trinodosus Chang, 1949
- Asaphus Brongniart, 1822
- Atopasaphus Shergold, 1971
- Aulacoparia Hintze & Jaanusson, 1956
- Australopyge Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Basilicus Salter, 1849
- Basiliella Kobayashi, 1934
- Basiliscus Zittel, 1885
- Bellefontia Walcott, 1924
- Birmanites Sheng, 1934
- Blainia Walcott, 1916
- Bohemopyge Pribyl, 1951
- Borogothus Tjernvik, 1956
- Brachyaspis Boulenger, 1896
- Brachyaspis Salter, 1866
- Branisaspis Pribyl & Vanek, 1980
- Burminresia Laurie, 1996
- Charchaquia
- Coriotela Burks & Heraty, 2020
- Daketia Luo, Zhou, Hu, Zhan & Lu, 2014
- Damiraspis Ghobadi Pour, Popov & Vinogradova, 2009
- Dolerasaphus Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Dolerobasilicus Harrington & Leanza, 1942
- Dolerobasilicus Kobayashi, 1934
- Ectenaspis Raymond, 1920
- Eisarkaspis Laurie, 2006
- Emanuelaspis Laurie, 1996
- Eoasaphus Kobayashi, 1936
- Eoisotelus Wang, 1938
- Farasaphus Ghobadi Pour, Popov & Vinogradova, 2009
- Fuyunia Hsiang & Zhang, 1981
- Gerasaphes Clarke, 1894
- Gog Fortey, 1975
- Gogiura Rosova, 1985
- Golasaphus Shergold, 1971
- Griphasaphus Öpik, 1967
- Guohongjunia Zhang, 1999
- Hemigyraspis Raymond, 1910
- Hoekaspis Kobayashi, 1937
- Homalopyge Jaanusson, 1956
- Homotelus Raymond, 1920
- Hunnebergia Tjernvik, 1956
- Isabelinia Rabano, 1989
- Isoteloides Raymond, 1910
- Isotelus De Kay, 1824
- Isyrakopeltis Rosova, 1985
- Kainisiniella Baldis & González, 1987
- Kayseraspis Harrington, 1938
- Kierarges Corbacho, 2014
- Kirkella Kobayashi, 1942
- Klabavia Pribyl & Vanek, 1969
- Kobayashia Harrington, 1938
- Lachnostoma Ross, 1951
- Lapidaria Tjernvik, 1956
- Liomegalaspides Lu, 1975
- Lisogorites Chugaeva, 1958
- Lonchobasilicus Zhou, 1980
- Lycophron Fortey & Shergold, 1984
- Madiganaspis Laurie, 2006
- Megalaspidella Kobayashi, 1937
- Megalaspides Brögger, 1897
- Megistaspis Jaanusson, 1956
- Merlinia Fortey & Owens, 1978
- Metaptychopyge Balashova, 1964
- Metayuepingia Liu, 1977
- Mioptychopyge Zhou, Dean, Yuan & Zhou, 1998
- Nahannia
- Neoasaphus Jaanusson, 1953
- Neopeltis Zhang, 1983
- Nerudaspis Pribyl & Vanek, 1965
- Nileoides Raymond, 1920
- Ningkianites Lu, 1975
- Niobe Angelin, 1854
- Niobella Reed, 1931
- Niobides Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Niobina Lake, 1946
- Nobiliasaphus Pribyl & Vanek, 1965
- Norasaphus Fortey & Shergold, 1984
- Norinia Troedsson, 1937
- Notopeltis Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Ogmasaphus Jaanusson, 1953
- Ogyginus
- Ogygiocarella Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Ogygiocaris Angelin, 1854
- Ogygiogaris
- Ogygitella Harrington & Leanza, 1957
- Ogygites Tromelin & Lebesconte, 1876
- Ogygitoides Kobayashi, 1934
- Onchometopus Schmidt, 1907
- Opsimasaphus Kielan, 1960
- Parabellefontia Hintze, 1953
- Paramegalaspis Thoral, 1935
- Paraptychopyge Balashova, 1964
- Paratamdaspis Ergaliev, 2001
- Penchiopsis Lu, 1976
- Platypletis
- Plectasaphus Jaanusson, 1953
- Popovkiaspis Balashova, 1966
- Presbynileus Hintze, 1954
- Priceaspis Legg, 1976
- Proasaphus Balashova, 1966
- Promegalaspides Westergård, 1939
- Protopresbynileus Hintze, 1954
- Protoptychopyge Balashova, 1960
- Proxiniobe Hoel, 1999
- Pseudasaphus Schmidt, 1907
- Pseudoasaphus Schmidt, 1904
- Pseudobasilicus Reed, 1931
- Pseudogriphasaphus Peng, 1992
- Pseudogygites
- Pseudomegalaspis
- Pseudoptyocephalus Legg, 1976
- Psilocephalina Hsü, 1948
- Ptychocephalus Agassiz, 1843
- Ptychopyge Angelin, 1854
- Ptyocephalus Whittington, 1948
- Sanbernardaspis Acenolaza, 1973
- Stegnopsis
- Stenorhachis
- Suriaspis Acenolaza & Rabano, 1990
- Tchukeraspis Rosova, 1985
- Thysanopyge Kayser, 1898
- Trigonocerca Ross, 1951
- Trigonocercella Hintze, 1953
- Valdaites Balashova, 1976
- Vogdesia Raymond, 1911
- Xenasaphus Jaanusson, 1953
- Xenostegium Walcott, 1924
- Zhenganites Yin, 1978
- Zuninaspis Harrington & Leanza, 1957
Ceratopygidae

Trinucleioidea

Dikelocephaloidea

Dikelocephalidae
- Anderssonella Kobayashi, 1936
  - Anderssonella undulata^[6]
- Berkeia Resser, 1937
- Blandicephalus Palmer, 1955
- Briscoia Walcott, 1924
- Caznaia Shergold, 1975
  - Caznaia imsamuti^[6]
- Dikellacephalus Owen, 1851
- Dikelocephalus Owen, 1852
- Elkia Walcott, 1924
- Eosaukia Lu, 1954
- Galerosaukia Shergold, 1975
- Hamashania Kobayashi, 1941
- Kasachstanaspis Balashova, 1961
- Lichengia Kobayashi, 1942
- Lophoholcus Öpik, 1967
- Menocephalus Owen, 1852
- Monocheilus
- Neoiranella Özdikmen, 2006
- Osceolia Walcott, 1914
- Pterocephalops Lin & Zhang, 1979
- Pterocephalops Rasetti, 1944
- Sinosaukia Sun, 1935
- Stigmacephalus Resser, 1937
- Stigmaspis Nelson, 1951
- Walcottaspis Ulrich & Resser, 1930
Eurekiidae
- Bandalaspis Ivshin, 1962
- Bayfieldia Clark, 1924
- Corbina
- Corbinia Walcott, 1924
  - Corbinia perforata^[6]
- Eurekia Walcott, 1924
- Maladia Rose, 1983
- Tostonia Walcott, 1924
- Wisarcadiaspis Westrop & Palmer, 2009
Loganellidae
Ptychaspididae
Saukiidae
- Calvinella Walcott, 1914
- Diemanosaukia Jago & Corbett, 1990
- Linguisaukia Peng, 1984
- Lophosaukia Shergold, 1971
  - Lophosaukia jiangnanensis Lu & Lin, 1983
  - Lophosaukia nuchanongi^[6]
  - Lophosaukia rectangulata Ergaliev, 1980
  - Lophosaukia torquata Shergold, 1971
- Mictosaukia Shergold, 1975
- Prosaukia Ulrich & Resser, 1933
- Pseudocalvinella
- Saukia Walcott, 1914
- Saukiella Ulrich & Resser, 1933
- Stenosaukia Raymond, 1937
- Suluderella Özdikmen, 2006
- Tellerina Ulrich & Resser, 1933

Cyclopygoidea

Remopleuridoidea

参考资料

^ 存档副本. [2010-05-02]. （原始内容存档于2011-01-06）.
^ 存档副本. [2010-05-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-02-28）.
^ S. M. Gon III. Order Asaphida. [November 21, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2011-01-06）.
^ *Asaphidae （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
^ Shelly J. Wernette, Nigel C. Hughes, Paul M. Myrow and Apsorn Sardsud. 2023. Trilobites of Thailand's Cambrian–Ordovician Tarutao Group and their geological setting. Papers in Palaeontology. DOI: 10.1002/spp2.1516
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 Shelly J. Wernette, Nigel C. Hughes, Paul M. Myrow and Apsorn Sardsud. 2023. Trilobites of Thailand's Cambrian–Ordovician Tarutao Group and their geological setting. Papers in Palaeontology. DOI: 10.1002/spp2.1516

[1] 存档副本. [2010-05-02]. （原始内容存档于2011-01-06）.

[2] 存档副本. [2010-05-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-02-28）.

[3] S. M. Gon III. Order Asaphida. [November 21, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2011-01-06）.

[4] *Asaphidae （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[5] Shelly J. Wernette, Nigel C. Hughes, Paul M. Myrow and Apsorn Sardsud. 2023. Trilobites of Thailand's Cambrian–Ordovician Tarutao Group and their geological setting. Papers in Palaeontology. DOI: 10.1002/spp2.1516

[Wernette-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 Shelly J. Wernette, Nigel C. Hughes, Paul M. Myrow and Apsorn Sardsud. 2023. Trilobites of Thailand's Cambrian–Ordovician Tarutao Group and their geological setting. Papers in Palaeontology. DOI: 10.1002/spp2.1516

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]