德尔斐女先知
外观
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德尔斐女先知(Delphic Sibyl;或音译为德尔斐希贝儿)是一位神话的女性由保萨尼亚斯(Pausanias)所提到论及[1]他在西元二世纪所著述著有关他在当地听到从特洛伊战争(约公元前十一世纪)以前的故事。这女先知的年代大概是早于后代确实存在的皮媞亚(Pythia)、阿波罗的神谕和女祭司,起源于公元前八世纪左右。[2]
在希腊罗马世界之中有几位能做出预言的女性称之为女先知以及能做出预言的男性的人物则称之为巴奇斯(Bakis)。最著名的女先知是位于库迈(Cumae)以及最著名的巴奇斯则在维奥蒂亚(Boeotia)。
保萨尼亚斯声称女先知是“于男人与女神、海妖的女儿以及永生宁芙仙女之间所出生而来的(born between man and goddess, daughter of sea monsters and an immortal nymph)”。[3]他说在特洛伊战争之前女先知是来自于特罗德(Troad)到德尔斐这一带,“在伴随着她的兄长阿波罗的神谴之中(in wrath with her brother Apollo)”,她在萨摩斯岛(Samos)上盘桓一段时间之后,在探访了克拉罗斯(Claros)以及提洛岛(Delos),并且在特罗德辞世了,她生存的寿命一共经过了人类九个世代。在她逝世之后,据传闻她成为了一个飘荡的声音仍然带来包裹在黑暗谜语中的未来信息到人们的耳朵里。
参阅
[编辑]参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Pausanias 10.12.1
- ^ Bowden, Hugh, Classical Athens and the Delphic Oracle. Divination and Democracy (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. ISBN 0-521-53081-4. Cf. p.14. "They may learn about the mysterious Delphic Sibyl, a mythical prophetess unrelated to the traditions of the oracle itself."
- ^ Pausanias 10.12.3
延伸阅读
[编辑]- Goodrich, Norma Lorre, Priestesses, 1990.
- Hamilton, Edith. Mythology. Little, Brown and Company. 1942. ISBN 0-316-34114-2.
- Mitford, William, The History of Greece, 1784. Cf. Chapter II, Religion of the Early Greeks.
- Parke, Herbert William, History of the Delphic Oracle, 1939.
- Parke, Herbert William, Sibyls and Sibylline Prophecy, 1988.
- Pausanias, Description of Greece (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), (ed. and translated with commentary by Sir James Frazer), 1913 edition. Cf. v.5
- Potter, David Stone. Prophecy and history in the crisis of the Roman Empire: a historical commentary on the Thirteenth Sibylline Oracle, 1990. Cf. Chapter 3.
- West, Martin Litchfield, The Orphic Poems, 1983. Cf. especially p. 147.
外部链接
[编辑]- Suda: Delphic Sibyl Archive.is的存档,存档日期2013-01-13 from Suda On-Line. The Suda is a 10th-century Byzantine encyclopedia, incorporating earlier material.
- Tim Spalding, "The Oracle of Delphi and ancient oracles" An annotated guide.
- The Oracle of Apollo (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) is an online tribute to the magic and mystery of the Delphic Oracle.