不列颠铁器时代
不列颠铁器时代指除独立发展的爱尔兰铁器时代之外的大不列颠铁器时代[1][2]，时间在不列颠青铜时代之后，罗马不列颠之前。在此期间生活于这片陆地的是大量的凯尔特不列颠部落。[3]
分期
[编辑]不列颠铁器时代遗址已经出现了100多个[4]，时间在公元前8世纪至公元1世纪之间，与公元前8世纪的青铜时代存在重叠[5]。
| 名称 | 时间 | 欧洲大陆对应时代 |
|---|---|---|
| 最早期 | 800–600 BC | Hallstatt C |
| 早期 | 600–400 BC | Hallstatt D 、一半La Tène I |
| 中期 | 400–100 BC | 剩下的La Tène I、以及全部的La Tène II和一半的La Tène III |
| 晚期 | 100–50 BC | 剩下的La Tène III |
| 最晚期 | 50 BC – AD 100 |
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Cunliffe (2005) page 27.
- ^ Raftery, Barry. O Croinin, Daibhi , 编. Iron-age Ireland. Oxford University Press. 2005: 134–181. ISBN 978-0-19-821737-4.
- ^ Fitzpatrick (1996) page 242: "It is clear, then, that there is no intrinsic 'Celtic' European unity and that the idea of 'Celtic' Iron Age Europe has developed in an almost ad hoc fashion. When examined critically the central idea – of being 'Celtic' – may also be seen to be weakly formulated ...."
- ^ Cunliffe (2005) page 20.
- ^ Cunliffe (2005) page 32.
- ^ Cunliffe (2005) page 652. The dates are the mid-points of Cunliffe's transitional lines. His earliest and latest possibilities have been used for the end points. In the text 750 BC is his summary date for the beginning.
来源
[编辑]- Cunliffe, Barry W. Iron Age Communities in Britain, Fourth Edition: An Account of England, Scotland and Wales from the Seventh Century BC Until the Roman Conquest. Routledge. 2005. ISBN 0-415-34779-3.
- Fitzpatrick, Andrew P. 'Celtic' Iron Age Europe: the theoretical basis. Graves-Brown, Paul; Jones, Siân; Gamble, Clive (编). Cultural Identity and Archaeology: The Construction of European Communities. Routledge. 1996: 238–255. ISBN 978-0-415-10676-4.
- Map of Southern Britain in the Iron Age. Chessington, Surrey, UK: Ordnance Survey. 1962.
- Rhys, J. Celtic Britain: Third Edition Revised. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. 1904. Downloadable Internet Archive.
外部链接
[编辑]
- Lindsay, Euan. Place names on Ptolemy's Map of Scotland. Roman Britain. 2008 [2008-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2008-11-21）.
- Ross, David. Celtic Britain (The Iron Age) c. 600 BC – 50 AD. Celtic Britain. 1996 [2007-03-13]. （原始内容存档于2022-04-25）.