Identifier: pioneersofmodern10leon (find matches)
Title: Pioneers of modern physical training
Year: 1910 (1910s)
Authors: Leonard, Fred Eugene, 1866-1922
Subjects: Physical education and training
Publisher: (New York) Physical Directors' Society of the Young Men's Christian Association of North America
Contributing Library: Mugar Memorial Library, Boston University
Digitizing Sponsor: Boston Library Consortium Member Libraries

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Text Appearing Before Image:
nagement was entrusted to Nachtegall, who
received the title Professor of Gymnastics. The King also
started, in 1808, a Civil Gymnastic Institute, in order to pre-
pare teachers for the elementary schools. A law passed in
1814: decreed that every school in Denmark should provide
grounds and apparatus for gymnastics, and that wherever
the teachers were able to direct it the children should be
given an hour of exercise each day, in addition to the regu-
lar schedule. Nachtegall was appointed Director of Gym-
nastics in 1821, his duties extending to the schools of the
army and navy as well as to civil institutions. He pub-
lished, in 1828, a Manual of Gymnastics for Elementary
Schools, the first book of its kind, and three years later a
Manual of Gymnastics for Use in Secondary Schools.
Both were afterwards translated into German. Nachtegall
resigned his position as Director of Gymnastics in 1812.

* Consult the American Physical Education Revie-tv for June, 1904 (Vol. IX.,
pp. 97-99 and 107, 108).
Text Appearing After Image:
PEHR HENRIK LING

III. Pehr Henrik Ling *
For the better part of a century gymnastics in Sweden
has been undergoing development along three more or less
distinct lines, educational, military, and medical, i.e., as an
integral factor of school life, as an agent in the training of
men for the army and navy, and as a therapeutic measure.
The Royal Gymnastic Central Institute at Stockholm,
where teachers of these various branches are trained, was
opened in 1814, and its originator and first director (1814-
1839) was PEHR HENRIK LING (1776-1839). He was the
son of a poor country pastor settled in the parish of Ljunga,
in Kroneberg county. Up to the time of his grandfather,
who had prepared himself for the ministry and married a
clergyman's daughter, the ancestors had belonged to the
peasant class and had lived for seven generations or more in
one of the southern provinces of Sweden. The boy, who
was early left an orphan, spent some years at a higher school
in Wexiö, and two semesters (1793) in the Univers

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