朴属

朴属
	朴树（Celtis sinensis）
科学分类
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真双子叶植物 Eudicots
演化支：	蔷薇类植物 Rosids
目：	蔷薇目 Rosales
科：	大麻科 Cannabaceae
属：	朴属 Celtis; L., 1753
种
	参见正文
异名
	Celtidopsis Priemer; Colletia Scop.; Mertensia Kunth; Momisia F.Dietr.; Plagioceltis Mildbr. ex Baehni; Saurobroma Raf.; Solenostigma Endl.; Sparrea Hunz. & Dottori;

朴属（学名：Celtis）是荨麻目榆科的一属，约60-70种落叶乔木，广泛分布在北半球暖温带地区，以及中非和南美洲部分地区^[1]^:249-252。

形态

本属植物一般为10-25(单位)|米高的乔木，稀有40米高，单叶互生，叶有3-15厘米长，有齿；花小，早春开花，雄花长，雌花圆；果实为直径6-10毫米的核果，类似枣，大部分种类可以食用。树皮可用来造纸。

分类

1981年的克朗奎斯特分类法将朴属列入榆科，1998年根据基因亲缘关系分类的APG 分类法单独分出一个科，列入蔷薇目，2003年经过修订的APG II 分类法不承认这个(生物)|科，将本属放到大麻科中。

本属与大麻科其它属的关系如下^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]：

大麻科 Cannabaceae

	翼朴属 Pteroceltis

	非洲朴属 Chaetachme

山黄麻属 Trema

朴属 Celtis

	大麻属 Cannabis

	葎草属 Humulus

山赤麻属 Lozanella

白颜树属 Gironniera

糙叶树属 Aphananthe

下级分类

本科包括以下属：

Celtis adolfi-friderici Engl.
Celtis africana Burm.fil.
Celtis alba Raf.
Celtis amplifolia Noronha
Celtis aspera Manchester, 2014
Celtis australiensis Sattarian
Celtis australis L.
Celtis bainingensis Rech.
Celtis balansae Planch.
Celtis berteroana Urb.
Celtis bifida Leroy
紫弹朴 Celtis biondii Pamp.
Celtis boninensis Koidz.
Celtis brasiliensis (Gardner) Planch.
黑弹树 Celtis bungeana Blume
Celtis caudata Planch.
小果朴 Celtis cerasifera C.K.Schneid.
天目朴树 Celtis chekiangensis C.C.Cheng
Celtis chicape (Wedd.) Miq.
Celtis chicope Miq., 1853
Celtis conferta Planch.
Celtis crenata A.Chev.
Celtis disticha Parodi
Celtis ehrenbergiana (Klotzsch) Liebm.
Celtis espinosa Larrañaga
Celtis flexuosa Planch., 1873
Celtis glabra Noronha
Celtis gomphophylla Baker
Celtis harperi Horne ex Baker
Celtis hildebrandii Soepadmo
Celtis hildebrandtii Soepadmo
Celtis hypoleuca Planch.
Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg.
Celtis integerrima Merr.
Celtis jamaicensis Planch.
Celtis jessoensis Koidz.
珊瑚朴 Celtis julianae C.K.Schneid.
Celtis kansana Chaney & Elias, 1936
大叶朴 Celtis koraiensis Nakai
Celtis laevigata Willd.
Celtis latifolia (Blume) Planch.
Celtis lindheimeri Engelm. ex K.Koch
Celtis lingualis Knowlton & Cockerell, 1919
Celtis loxensis C.C.Berg
Celtis luzonica Warb.
Celtis madagascariensis Sattarian
Celtis maritima Raf.
Celtis mccoshii Lesquereux, 1883
Celtis mildbraedii Engl.
Celtis mukii Siebold & Zucc.
Celtis neglecta Zi L.Chen & X.F.Jin
Celtis newberryi Knowlton & Cockerell, 1919
Celtis occidentalis (Tuthill, 1939) Tuthill, 1939
Celtis occidentalis L.
Celtis orthacanthos Planch.，也拼作Celtis orthocanthos
Celtis oviata Lesquereux, 1868
太平朴 Celtis pacifica Planch.
Celtis palauensis Kaneh. & Hatus.
Celtis paniculata (Endl.) Planch.
菲律宾朴 Celtis philippensis Blanco, 1837
Celtis planchoniana K.I.Chr.
Celtis pseudocrassifolia Hollick, 1906
Celtis pubescens Kunth, 1817
Celtis pubescens S.Y.Wang & C.L.Chang
Celtis reticulata Boorsma, 1907
Celtis rigescens (Miq.) Planch.
Celtis rigida Parodi
Celtis roxburghii Voigt, 1845
Celtis rubrovenia Elmer
Celtis rugosa A.Chev.
Celtis rugulosa Rydb.
Celtis salomonensis Rech.
Celtis schippii Standl.
Celtis serrata Ettingsh.
Celtis serratissima Zamengo, R.B.Torres, Gaglioti & Romaniuc
Celtis shortii Planch.
朴树 Celtis sinensis Pers.
Celtis solenostigma Unwin
Celtis spinosa Spreng.
Celtis spinulosa Spreng.
Celtis tenuifolia Nutt.
Celtis tessmannii Rendle
四蕊朴 Celtis tetrandra Roxb.
Celtis tikalana Lundell
假玉桂 Celtis timorensis Span.
Celtis toka (Forssk.) Hepper & J.R.I.Wood
Celtis tournefortii Lam.
Celtis trinervia Lam.
Celtis tupalangi Vassilcz.
Celtis utilis (Caminhoá) Caminhoá
西川朴 Celtis vandervoetiana C.K.Schneid.
Celtis villosula Rydb., 1923
Celtis vitiensis A.C.Sm.
Celtis zenkeri Engl.

归入本属的物种：

Momisia americana Berry, 1914
Momisia carolinensis Berry, 1914
Solenostigma kraussii Klotzsch ex Walp.
Solenostigma philippinense Blume, 1856

参考文献

^ Keeler, Harriet L. |(1900): Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them. Charles Scriber's Sons, New York.
^ Sytsma, Kenneth J.; Morawetz, Jeffery; Pires, J. Chris; Nepokroeff, Molly; Conti, Elena; Zjhra, Michelle; Hall, Jocelyn C. & Chase, Mark W., Urticalean rosids: Circumscription, rosid ancestry, and phylogenetics based on rbcL, trnL–F, and ndhF sequences, Am J Bot, 2002, 89 (9): 1531–1546, PMID 21665755, doi:10.3732/ajb.89.9.1531
^ Zavada MS, Kim M. Phylogenetic analysis of Ulmaceae. Plant Syst Evol. 1996, 200 (1): 13–20 [2017-10-07]. doi:10.1007/BF00984745. （原始内容存档于2019-10-17）.
^ Yesson C, Russell SJ, Parrish T, Dalling JW, Garwood NC. Phylogenetic framework for Trema (Celtidaceae). Plant Syst Evol. 2004, 248 (1): 85–109 [2017-10-07]. doi:10.1007/s00606-004-0186-3. （原始内容存档于2018-06-16）.
^ Yang M-Q, van Velzen R, Bakker FT, Sattarian A, Li D-Z, Yi T-S. Molecular phylogenetics and character evolution of Cannabaceae. (journal)|Taxon. 2013, 62 (3): 473–485 [2017-10-07]. doi:10.12705/623.9. （原始内容存档于2017-10-07）.

Brower, Andrew V.Z. |(2006): Problems with DNA barcodes for species delimitation：‘ten species’ of Astraptes fulgerator reassessed |(Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Systematics and

Biodiversity 4(2): 127–132. doi:10.1017/S147720000500191X PDF fulltext

Hébert, Paul D.N.; Penton, Erin H.; Burns, John M.; Janzen, Daniel H. & Hallwachs, Winnie |(2004): Ten species in one: DNA barcoding reveals cryptic species in the semitropical skipper butterfly Astraptes fulgerator. PNAS 101(41): 14812-14817. doi:10.1073/pnas.0406166101 PDF 文献（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）索引（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

外部链接

[Keeler-1] Keeler, Harriet L. |(1900): Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them. Charles Scriber's Sons, New York.

[Sytsma2002-2] Sytsma, Kenneth J.; Morawetz, Jeffery; Pires, J. Chris; Nepokroeff, Molly; Conti, Elena; Zjhra, Michelle; Hall, Jocelyn C. & Chase, Mark W., Urticalean rosids: Circumscription, rosid ancestry, and phylogenetics based on rbcL, trnL–F, and ndhF sequences, Am J Bot, 2002, 89 (9): 1531–1546, PMID 21665755, doi:10.3732/ajb.89.9.1531

[Zavada-3] Zavada MS, Kim M. Phylogenetic analysis of Ulmaceae. Plant Syst Evol. 1996, 200 (1): 13–20 [2017-10-07]. doi:10.1007/BF00984745. （原始内容存档于2019-10-17）.

[Yesson-4] Yesson C, Russell SJ, Parrish T, Dalling JW, Garwood NC. Phylogenetic framework for Trema (Celtidaceae). Plant Syst Evol. 2004, 248 (1): 85–109 [2017-10-07]. doi:10.1007/s00606-004-0186-3. （原始内容存档于2018-06-16）.

[Yang-5] Yang M-Q, van Velzen R, Bakker FT, Sattarian A, Li D-Z, Yi T-S. Molecular phylogenetics and character evolution of Cannabaceae. (journal)|Taxon. 2013, 62 (3): 473–485 [2017-10-07]. doi:10.12705/623.9. （原始内容存档于2017-10-07）.

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