旋蜗牛亚目

旋蜗牛亚目
	属于旋蜗牛亚目的不同物种
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	软体动物门 Mollusca
纲：	腹足纲 Gastropoda
目：	柄眼目 Stylommatophora
亚目：	旋蜗牛亚目 Helicina; Rafinesque, 1815
异名
	Sigmurethra;

旋蜗牛亚目（学名：Helicina），旧作弯尿道亚目或曲输尿管亚目，是腹足纲异鳃亚纲的真有肺总目柄眼目之下一个新建立的亚目分类单元^[3]。其成员主要为过往2005年《布歇特和洛克罗伊的腹足类分类》的弯尿道类非正式群组^[4]。

分类

2005年分类

根据2005年《布歇特和洛克罗伊的腹足类分类》，弯尿道类非正式群组包括下列各总科^[4]^[5]：

烟管蜗牛总科（Clausilioidea）
- 烟管蜗牛科（Clausiliidae）
- Anadromidae（已灭绝）
- Filholiidae（已灭绝）
- Palaeostoidae（已灭绝）
彩带螺超科（Orthalicoidea）
- 彩带螺科（Orthalicidae）
- 蜂窝蜗牛科（Cerionidae）
- Coelociontidae
- Grangerellidae（已灭绝）
- Megaspiridae
- Placostylidae
- 尾刺螺科（Urocoptidae）
非洲大蜗牛总科 Achatinoidea：又名玛瑙螺超科。
- 非洲大蜗牛科 Achatinidae：又名玛瑙螺科。
- Cecilioididae?
- 科 Ferussaciidae
- 科 Micractaeonidae
- 钻头螺科（Subulinidae）
爱丽蛞蝓超科（Aillyoidea）
- 爱丽蛞蝓科（Aillyidae）
小壳螺超科（Testacelloidea）
- 小壳蛞蝓科（Testacellidae）
- 橡子螺科（Oleacinidae）
- 旋轴螺科（Spiraxidae）
Superfamily Papillodermatoidea（？）
- Family Papillodermatidae（？）
扭轴蜗牛总科（Streptaxoidea）
- 扭轴蜗牛科（Streptaxidae）
彩釉蜗牛总科（Rhytidoidea）
- 彩釉蜗牛科（Rhytididae）
- 斗蓬螺科（Chlamydephoridae）
- 单孔螺科（Haplotrematidae）
- Scolodontidae
红蜗牛超科（Acavoidea）
- 针状螺科（Acavidae）
- 硬壳螺科（Caryodidae）
- 羚管螺科（Dorcasiidae）
- Macrocyclidae：只有Macrocyclis一个属。
- Megomphicidae
- 玫瑰口蜗牛科（Strophocheilidae）
总科 Plectopyloidea
- 圈螺科 Plectopylidae Möllendorff, 1898
  - Chersaecia Gude, 1899
  - 内板螺属 Endothyrella Zilch, 1960
  - 顾圈螺属 Gudeodiscus Páll-Gergely, 2013
  - Halongella Páll-Gergely, 2015
  - 匈圈螺属 Hunyadiscus Páll-Gergely, 2016
  - Naggsia Páll-Gergely & Muratov, 2016
  - 圈螺属 Plectopylis W.H.Benson, 1860
  - Plectopyloides Yen, 1969
  - 微圈螺属 Sicradiscus Páll-Gergely, 2013
  - 华圈螺属 Sinicola Gude, 1899
- 蛳蜗牛科 Corillidae
- 科 Sculptariidae
粟蜗牛超科（Punctoidea）
- 粟蜗牛科（Punctidae），点螺科
  - Allenella Iredale, 1944
  - Atactolaoma B.A.Marshall & Worthy, 2017
  - Australaoma
  - Charopinesta Iredale, 1944
  - Christianoconcha Iredale, 1945
  - Dignamoconcha Iredale, 1944
  - Goweriana Shea & O.L.Griffiths, 2010
  - Gratilaoma Iredale, 1939
  - Iotula Iredale, 1941
  - Kaputaresta J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Kokikora Climo & Goulstone, 1995
  - Kokopapa Climo & Mahlfeld, 2012
  - Laoma Gray, 1850
  - Laomarex Powell, 1948
  - Laomavix Iredale, 1933
  - Laomopa Iredale, 1945
  - Magilaoma Iredale, 1937
  - Miselaoma Iredale, 1933
  - Obanella Dell, 1952
  - Paralaoma Iredale, 1913
  - Pasmaditta Iredale, 1933
  - Pasmaditta Kershaw & B.J.Smith, 1986
  - Pedicamista Kershaw & B.J.Smith, 1986
  - Pernastela Iredale, 1944
  - Phrixgnathus F.W.Hutton, 1882
  - Pichikadi Vargas-Almonacid & Stuardo, 2007
  - Pseudiotula J.Stanisic, 2010
  - 点螺属 Punctum E.S.Morse, 1864
  - Semilaoma Iredale, 1944
  - Taguahelix Powell, 1955
  - Tescilaoma J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Trocholaoma Iredale, 1937
  - Turbolaoma Iredale, 1937
  - Westralaoma Iredale, 1939
- Anastomopsidae（已灭绝）
- 茶色蜗牛科（Charopidae）
  - Acanthoptyx Ancey, 1888
  - Acheronopa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Aeschrodomus Pilsbry, 1892
  - Afrodonta Melvill & Ponsonby, 1908
  - Albiropa Holcroft & J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Allodiscus Pilsbry, 1892
  - Alpiniropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Alsolemia Climo, 1981
  - Amatholedonta D.G.Herbert, 2020
  - Amfractaropa Holcroft, 2018
  - Ammoniropa Bonham, 2018
  - Amphidoxa Albers, 1850
  - Andrefrancia Solem, 1960
  - Annoselix Iredale, 1939
  - Araucocharopa Miquel & Cádiz Lorca, 2008
  - Arcadiaropa J.Stanisic, 2020
  - Archiropa Bonham, 2018
  - Austellorien J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Austrodiscus Parodiz, 1957
  - Ba Solem, 1983
  - Banea
  - Banjoropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Barringtonica Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Bindiropa J.Stanisic, 2022
  - Biomphalodonta D.G.Herbert, 2020
  - Biomphalopa J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Bischoffena Iredale, 1937
  - Bonhamaropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Brigaloropa J.Stanisic, 2020
  - Burwellia Holcroft & J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Calymna F.W.Hutton, 1883
  - Canallodiscus B.A.Marshall & G.M.Barker, 2008
  - Cancellocochlea Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Carnaropa J.Stanisic, 2020
  - Cavellia Iredale, 1915
  - Cavellioropa Dell, 1952
  - Chalcocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Charopa E.von Martens, 1860
  - Charopatagonia Miquel & G.M.Barker, 2023
  - Charopella Iredale, 1944
  - Chaureopa Climo, 1985
  - Chellius Vargas-Almonacid & Stuardo, 2007
  - Chilocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Chordaropa J.Stanisic, 2016
  - Cineropa J.Stanisic, 2020
  - Climocella Goulstone, 1996
  - Coenocharopa J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Colhueconus Miquel & Bellosi, 2010
  - Comboynea Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Comularopa Holcroft, 2018
  - Coricudgia Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Corinomala Iredale, 1939
  - Costallodiscus B.A.Marshall & G.M.Barker, 2008
  - Costulodonta D.G.Herbert, 2020
  - Cralopa Iredale, 1941
  - Cryptocharopa Preston, 1913
  - Cumberlandica Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Cyclocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Damonita Climo, 1981
  - Danielleilona J.Stanisic, 1993
  - Decoriropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Dendropa B.A.Marshall & Worthy, 2017
  - Dendrotrichia van Bruggen & Verdcourt, 1965
  - Dentherona Iredale, 1933
  - Dictyoropa Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Diphyoropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Dipnelix Iredale, 1937
  - Discocharopa Iredale, 1913
  - Dividospiralia J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Dupucharopa Iredale, 1937
  - Eddiea J.Stanisic, 2020
  - Egestula Iredale, 1915
  - Egilodonta Iredale, 1937
  - Egilomen Iredale, 1937
  - Elsothera Iredale, 1933
  - Epinicium Iredale, 1939
  - Eungellaropa Holcroft & J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Excaliburopa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Excellaoma Iredale, 1937
  - Exquisitiropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Fametesta Pilsbry, 1902
  - Fectola Iredale, 1915
  - Flammoconcha Dell, 1952
  - Flammulina E.von Martens, 1873
  - Flammulops Iredale, 1937
  - Frustropa Iredale, 1945
  - Gadoropa Bonham, 2018
  - Geminoropa Kershaw, 1955
  - Gerontia Hutton, 1882
  - Glabrogyra Müller da Fonseca & Thomé, 1993
  - Glyptaulax Gude, 1914
  - Gouldiropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Goweroconcha Iredale, 1944
  - Graeffedon Solem, 1983
  - Granallodiscus B.A.Marshall & G.M.Barker, 2008
  - Groveiana J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Gyrocochlea Hedley, 1924
  - Gyropena Iredale, 1944
  - Hedleyoconcha Pilsbry, 1893
  - Hedleyropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Helenoconcha Pilsbry, 1892
  - Helenodiscus Solem, 1977
  - Himeroconcha Solem, 1983
  - Hirasea Pilsbry, 1902
  - Hirasiella Pilsbry, 1902
  - Hirsutaropa Holcroft & J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Hirsutodiscus Climo, 1971
  - Huntiana J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Huonodon Iredale, 1945
  - Hyaloropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Insularopa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Insullaoma Iredale, 1937
  - Isolderopa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Iterodonta D.G.Herbert, 2020
  - Jokajdon Solem, 1983
  - Kannaropa Iredale, 1937
  - Kermodon Iredale, 1945
  - Kessneropa Bonham, 2018
  - Koreelahropa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Kosciuszkoropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Kubaryiellus Solem, 1983
  - Lacuropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Ladronellum Solem, 1983
  - Lagivala Solem, 1983
  - Lauopa Solem, 1983
  - Lenwebbia J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Letomola Iredale, 1941
  - Leurocochlea J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Liparocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Lithocouperia J.Stanisic, 2016
  - Loisthodon Climo, 1990
  - Lorelleia J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Lottaropa Bonham, 2018
  - Luinodiscus Iredale, 1937
  - Luturopa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Lyrocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Maafu Solem, 1983
  - Macleayropa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Macphersonea Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Macrophallikoropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Maoriconcha Dell, 1952
  - Marilyniropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Meredithena J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Metaropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Microcharopa Solem, 1983
  - Micromphalia Ancey, 1882
  - Minutiropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Missioclivus Iredale, 1941
  - Mitodon Climo, 1990
  - Mocella Iredale, 1915
  - Monomphalus Ancey, 1882
  - Montaropa Climo, 1984
  - Mulathena B.J.Smith & Kershaw, 1985
  - Mussonula Iredale, 1937
  - Mystivagor Iredale, 1944
  - Nanoropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Nautiliropa J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Neoparyphantopsis Miquel & Araya, 2015
  - Neophenacohelix Cumber, 1961
  - Ngairea J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Nodularopa Holcroft, 2018
  - Norfolcioconch
  - Norfolcioconcha Preston, 1913
  - Notodiscus Thiele, 1931
  - Nullarboropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Omphaloropa J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Oreokera Iredale, 1933
  - Oreokera J.Stanisic, 1987
  - Oreomava Iredale, 1933
  - Oreomava Kershaw, 1956
  - Otoconcha F.W.Hutton, 1883
  - Palikirus Solem, 1983
  - Palline Solem, 1983
  - Papulaoma Iredale, 1941
  - Paracharopa Climo, 1983
  - Pararhytida Ancey, 1882
  - Paratrochus Pilsbry, 1893
  - Parvicharopa Solem, 1958
  - Paryphantopsis Thiele, 1928
  - Patagocharopa Miquel & P.E.Rodriguez, 2016
  - Payenia Mabille & Rochebrune, 1889
  - Penescosta Iredale, 1944
  - Pereduropa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Pernagera Iredale, 1939
  - Perucharopa Miquel & Araya, 2022
  - Phacussa F.W.Hutton, 1883
  - Phaulocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Phenacharopa Pilsbry, 1893
  - Phenacocharopa
  - Phenacohelix Suter, 1892
  - Phialodonta D.G.Herbert, 2020
  - Philalanka Godwin-Austen, 1898
  - Phortion Preston, 1910
  - Pillomena Iredale, 1937
  - Pilula E.von Martens, 1898
  - Planilaoma Iredale, 1937
  - Planorbacochlea Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Platyrhytida Cockerell, 1895
  - Platyrhytida Pilsbry, 1894
  - Platyumbiropa J.Stanisic, 2020
  - Plesiopsis Ancey, 1888
  - Propilula Germain, 1918
  - Prositala Germain, 1915
  - Protoflammulina Climo, 1971
  - Protractiropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Pseudallodiscus Climo, 1971
  - Pseudegestula Dell, 1954
  - Pseudocharopa Peile, 1929
  - Pseudohelenoconcha Zilch, 1959
  - Psichion Gude, 1911
  - Ptychodon Ancey, 1888
  - Pulcharopa Iredale, 1944
  - Pulchridomus Climo, 1980
  - Radioconus H.B.Baker, 1927
  - Radiodiscus Pilsbry, 1906
  - Radiolaropa Holcroft, 2018
  - Ranfurlya Suter, 1903
  - Reticharopa Solem, 1959
  - Reticularopa J.Stanisic, 2016
  - Rhophodon Hedley, 1924
  - Rhopodon Iredale, 1941
  - Rhytidopsis Ancey, 1882
  - Richardsoniana J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Richmondaropa Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Robinsoniana J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Roblinella Iredale, 1937
  - Roimontis Solem, 1983
  - Rotacharopa J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Rotadiscus Pilsbry, 1926
  - Russatus Solem, 1983
  - Ruthvenia Gude, 1911
  - Semperdon Solem, 1983
  - Serpho F.W.Hutton, 1904
  - Setomedea Iredale, 1941
  - Setoturbinata J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Sharniropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Shearopa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Sinployea Solem, 1983
  - Spiraliropa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Stanisicaropa Holcroft, 2018
  - Stenacapha B.J.Smith & Kershaw, 1985
  - Stephacharopa Miquel & Araya, 2013
  - Stephadiscus Hylton Scott, 1981
  - Stephanoda E.von Martens, 1860
  - Suteria Pilsbry, 1892
  - 多田氏螺属 Tadaia Minato & Okubo, 1992
  - Tasmanoropa Bonham, 2018
  - Tasmathera Bonham, 2018
  - Tateropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Teracharopa Maassen, 2000
  - Thalassohelix Pilsbry, 1892
  - Therasia F.W.Hutton, 1883
  - Therasiella Powell, 1948
  - Thermia F.W.Hutton, 1904
  - Thryasona B.J.Smith & Kershaw, 1985
  - 缨络螺属 Thysanota Albers, 1860
  - Trachycystis Pilsbry, 1893
  - Tristanoropa Holcroft, 2018
  - Tropidotropis Ancey, 1888
  - Trukcharopa Solem, 1983
  - Tuimalila Solem, 1983
  - Vatusila Solem, 1983
  - Whissonia J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Whitcochlea Holcroft, 2018
  - Whiteheadia Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Xenoropa Holcroft, 2018
  - Xerocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Ygernaropa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Zelandiscus Climo, 1990
- Cystopeltidae
- 圆盘螺科 Discidae
- 内齿螺科（Endodontidae）
- 旋盘螺科 Helicodiscidae Pilsbry, 1927
  - Chanomphalus Strebel & Pfeffer, 1879
  - 旋盘螺属 Helicodiscus E.S.Morse, 1864
  - Lucilla R.T.Lowe, 1852
  - Polygyriscus Pilsbry, 1948
  - Speleodiscoides A.G.Smith, 1957
  - Stenopylis Fulton, 1914
- 山地蜗牛科（Oreohelicidae）
- Patulidae（？）
- 盾状螺科（Thyrophorellidae）
袋螺总科（Sagdoidea Pilsbry, 1895）
- 袋螺科（Sagdidae Pilsbry, 1895）

2017年分类

根据2017年的《布歇特等人的腹足类分类》柄眼目一节，本亚目包括下列九个下目和一个地位未定的集合^[3]：

阿勇蛞蝓下目 Arionoidei
烟管蜗牛下目 Clausilioidei
旋蜗牛下目 Helicoidei：包括原来的旋蜗牛总科 (Helicoidea Rafinesque, 1815）及袋螺总科（Sagdoidea Pilsbry, 1895）^[6]
蛞蝓下目 Limacoidei
橡子螺下目 Oleacinoidei：包括由原来小壳螺超科（Testacelloidea）踢走了小壳蛞蝓科（Testacellidae）之后而成的橡子螺总科（Oleacinoidea）及从原属彩釉蜗牛总科（Rhytidoidea）的单孔螺科（Haplotrematidae）独立而成的单孔螺总科（Haplotrematoidea）^[7]
彩带螺下目 Orthalicoidei
蛹螺下目 Pupilloidei：即原来分类的直尿道类支序（Orthurethra）^[8]^[9]，但原来支序的五个总科^[10]现时合并成了单一一个蛹螺总科（Pupilloidea ），合共有31个科^[8]。
彩釉蜗牛下目 Rhytidoidei：只有一个总科由原来的彩釉蜗牛总科（Rhytidoidea）并入原红蜗牛超科（Acavoidea）而成。
琥珀螺下目 Succineoidei：即原“板颚类”支序。
地位未定：
- 总科 Coelociontoidea Iredale, 1937
- 总科 Papillodermatoidea Wiktor, R. Martin & Castillejo, 1990
- 总科 Plectopyloidea Möllendorff, 1898
- 总科 Punctoidea Morse, 1864
- 小壳螺总科 Testacelloidea Gray, 1840
- 总科 Urocoptoidea Pilsbry, 1898 (1868)

另外，爱丽蛞蝓超科（Aillyoidea）被并入玛瑙螺超科，成为玛瑙螺亚目的成员。

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Helicina. MolluscaBase. 2017-06-13 [2018-04-02] –通过WoRMS.
^ Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Sigmurethra. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-03 [2018-04-02] –通过WoRMS.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim, A.; Kano, Y.; Nützel, A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong, E.E. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families. Malacologia. 2017, 61 (1–2): 1–526. OCLC 7296100651. S2CID 91051256. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814.
^ WoRMS. Sigmurethra. 世界海洋物种目录（库存版本）. [2018-04-02]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-17）.
^ Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Helicoidei. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-01 [2018-04-02] –通过WoRMS.
^ Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Oleacinoidei. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-01 [2018-04-02] –通过WoRMS.
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Pupilloidei. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-01 [2018-05-10] –通过WoRMS.
^ Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Orthurethra. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-03 [2018-05-10] –通过WoRMS.
^ WoRMS. Orthurethra. 世界海洋物种目录（库存版本）. [2018-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2015-10-10）.

外部链接

[WoRMS_994701-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Helicina. MolluscaBase. 2017-06-13 [2018-04-02] –通过WoRMS.

[WoRMS_382244-2] Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Sigmurethra. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-03 [2018-04-02] –通过WoRMS.

[Bouchet_2017-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim, A.; Kano, Y.; Nützel, A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong, E.E. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families. Malacologia. 2017, 61 (1–2): 1–526. OCLC 7296100651. S2CID 91051256. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201.

[Bouchet_2005-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814.

[WoRMS_382244_old-5] WoRMS. Sigmurethra. 世界海洋物种目录（库存版本）. [2018-04-02]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-17）.

[WoRMS_1057261-6] Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Helicoidei. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-01 [2018-04-02] –通过WoRMS.

[WoRMS_1057260-7] Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Oleacinoidei. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-01 [2018-04-02] –通过WoRMS.

[WoRMS_1057256-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Pupilloidei. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-01 [2018-05-10] –通过WoRMS.

[WoRMS_162661-9] Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Orthurethra. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-03 [2018-05-10] –通过WoRMS.

[WoRMS_162661_old-10] WoRMS. Orthurethra. 世界海洋物种目录（库存版本）. [2018-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2015-10-10）.

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