λ相变[編輯]
外觀
λ(lambda)相變是凝聚態物理學中的一類,將許多有強烈類似特性的系統放在一起,像是超流體、超導體及液晶。這些系統因為在相變的熱力學臨界特性,歸於在同一個普適類。這些系統乍看之下差異很大,但可以用類似的公式描述,而而其相圖是相同的。
若將氦在1標準大氣壓下降溫,約為2.17 K(λ點)時,會從一般流體氦(I)相變到超流體氦(II),其比熱容對溫度的圖會類似希臘文的字母λ,因此稱這類的相變為λ相變。
相關條目
[編輯]參考資料
[編輯]書籍
[編輯]- Chaikin P. M. and Lubensky T. C. Principles of Condensed Matter Physics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge) 1995, sect.9.
- Feynman R. P. Progress in Low Temperature Physics Vol.1, edited by C. Gorter (North Holland, Amsterdam) 1955.
期刊論文
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- Renn, S. R.; Lubensky, T. C. Abrikosov dislocation lattice in a model of the cholesteric–to–smectic-Atransition. Physical Review A (American Physical Society (APS)). 1 July 1988, 38 (4): 2132–2147. Bibcode:1988PhRvA..38.2132R. ISSN 0556-2791. PMID 9900613. doi:10.1103/physreva.38.2132.