模板:叙利亚内战信息框
| 叙利亚内战 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 遭伊拉克内战、伊朗—沙特阿拉伯代理人冲突[20][21][22]和第二次冷战[23]波及，是阿拉伯之春、阿拉伯之冬的一部分 | |||||||||
事实上的无人区
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| 参战方 | |||||||||
 伊朗 俄罗斯（2015年起）
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支持者： 支持:
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（叙利亚民主力量）
盟军： 支持者： | |||||||
| 指挥官与领导者 | |||||||||
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 肖恩·麦克法兰[31]（联合特遣队司令） | ||||||||
| 兵力 | |||||||||
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国民警卫队：100,000+[40] 真主党：6,000－8,000[41] 俄罗斯：4,000名士兵[44]与1,000名承包商人员[45] 法蒂玛旅：10,000－20,000（2018年）[47] 其他盟军：30,000[41][48][49] |
自由叙利亚军：40,000－50,000[50] 伊斯兰阵线：60,000[51] 其他盟军：80,000+[52] 沙姆解放组织：约30,000－40,000人（2017年）[53] |
人民保护部队和妇女保护部队：57,000－60,000[54][55] 叙利亚阿拉伯联盟：4,000（宣称） 叙利亚人军事委员会：2,000[56] 革命者军：3,000[57] | 10,000（2022年） | ||||||
| 伤亡与损失 | |||||||||
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8,628人阵亡[60]（包括伊朗指挥的部队） |
122,539－163,543名战士阵亡[d][60][61] 979名示威者丧生[65] |
 联合特遣队－坚决行动：13人阵亡[69][70][71][72] |
 伊斯兰国：45,000+人阵亡（数字包括在伊拉克被杀者，据2016年8月美军宣称）[73] 16,089+人阵亡（据叙利亚武装力量与人民保卫军）[74][75][76][77] | ||||||
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306,887名由联合国记录的平民死亡（包括3,284名外籍人士；多为巴勒斯坦人） 总计死亡人数： 逾7,600,000人流离失所（联合国难民署估计于2015年7月） 逾6,600,000人沦为难民（联合国难民署估计于2021年3月）[80][81][82]a 阿勒颇征服军包括来自自由叙利亚军的团体。 b 土耳其是针对伊斯兰国的联合特遣队的一员，但与叙利亚民主力量敌对。[83][84] c 美国的军事行动主要针对伊斯兰国。美国在名义上未与叙利亚政府开战，但直接和间接支援叙利亚政府的敌人，[85][86]另外美国也是叙利亚民主力量的主要支援者。 d 此数字也包括库尔德人与伊斯兰国的战士，这些数字也包括在各自的栏目中。[60][61][87] e 前身为2011年成立的自由叙利亚军，2017年在土耳其支持下改组而成。 f 原是脱离基地组织的武装团体征服沙姆阵线，2017年1月与数个圣战反政府组织合并而成。 | |||||||||
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注释
[编辑]- ^ Predecessors of HTS (al-Nusra Front) & IS (ISI) were allied al-Qaeda branches until April 2013. Al-Nusra Front rejected an ISI-proposed merger into ISIL & al-Qaeda cut all affiliation with ISIL in February 2014.
- ^ Predecessors of Ahrar al-Sham (Syrian Liberation Front) & HTS (al-Nusra Front), were allied under the Army of Conquest (Mar. 2015 – Jan. 2017).
- ^ HTS was formed on 28 January 2017 as a merger between Jabhat Fateh al-Sham, the Ansar al-Din Front, Jaysh al-Sunna, Liwa al-Haqq, and the Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement. HTS describes itself as a new independent Islamist entity free from the previous factions and distanced itself from Al-Qaeda, disavowing any ties to it:[13]
- ^ After coming to power in Idlib, HTS suspended Al-Qaeda activities:[14]
参考文献
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North Korea violating sanctions, according to UN report. The Telegraph. 2012-07-03 [2012-10-06]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-14）. - ^ Bodeen, Christopher. Chinese Admiral Visits Syria in Show of Support. Associated Press. 2016-08-08 [2016-12-10]. （原始内容存档于2016-08-19）.
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- ^ 引用错误：没有为名为
sputnik20160825的参考文献提供内容 - ^ Hollande confirms French delivery of arms to Syrian rebels. 2014-08-21 [2015-01-16]. （原始内容存档于2016-06-16）.
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- ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Wladimir van Wilgenburg. The Rise of Jaysh al-Fateh in Northern Syria. Terrorism Monitor. Vol. XIII no. 12 (Jamestown Foundation). 2015-06-12: 3 [2015-10-25]. （原始内容存档于2016-08-12）.
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- ^ Joscelyn, Thomas. Hay'at Tahrir al Sham leader calls for 'unity' in Syrian insurgency. Long War Journal. 10 February 2017 [11 February 2017]. （原始内容存档于16 February 2017）.
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...Iran and Saudi Arabia to discuss anything civilly, much less come to an agreement on Syria, where both sides have proxy forces in the fight.
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Saudi Arabian and Iranian-backed factions are contributing to the proxy war in Syria...
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- ^ Nic Robertson & Paul Cruickshank. Source: Syrian warplanes kill leaders of al-Nusra. CNN. 2015-03-05 [2016-06-16]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-05）.
- ^ Senior Nusra Front commander killed in Syria air strike. Al-Jazeera. 2015-03-06 [2015-06-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-01）.
- ^ Nusra Front spokesman killed by air strike in Syria. www.aljazeera.com. [2016-04-04]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-07）.
- ^ Syria's Qaeda spokesman, 20 jihadists dead in strikes: monitor. www.yahoo.com. [2016-04-04]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-07）.
- ^ Tarek Radwan. Kurdish-Arab Rebel Alliance May be Key to Obama’s Syrian Strategy. Atlantic Council. [2016-06-16]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-05）.
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- ^ U.S. Condemns Terrorist Attacks in Iraq and Pledges to Help Combat al Qaeda. United States Department of State. 2013-08-10 [2016-06-16]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-18）.
- ^ ISIS confirms death of senior leader in Syria. Long War Journal. February 2014 [2015]. （原始内容存档于2019-10-14）.
- ^ Alessandria Masi. If ISIS Leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi Is Killed, Who Is Caliph Of The Islamic State Group?. International Business Times. 2014-11-11 [2015-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-12-25）.
- ^ A Top ISIS Leader Is Killed in an Airstrike, the Pentagon Says. New York Times. 2016-03-25 [2016-03-26]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-28）.
- ^ U.S. confirms death of ISIS operative Omar al-Shishani. CNN. 2016-03-14 [2016-03-14]. （原始内容存档于2017-11-07）.
- ^ Islamic State's 'minister of war' likely killed in U.S. air strike: officials （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
ISIS 'minister of war' al-Shishani likely killed in airstrike – Pentagon （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Isis 'minister of war' Omar al-Shishani 'clinically dead' after US air strike （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Islamic State's 'war minister' Omar al-Shishani 'clinically dead' （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Red-Beard Abu Omar al-Shishani Is The Walking Dead ISIS ‘Minister of War’ （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） - ^ Syria military strength. Global Fire Power. 2019-07-08 [2016-07-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-21）.
- ^ Syria's diminished security forces. AFP. 2013-08-28 [2014-05-14]. （原始内容存档于2014-07-14）.
- ^ ISIS’ Iraq offensive could trigger Hezbollah to fill gap left in Syria （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） The Daily Star, 16 June 2014
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- ^ War with Isis: Islamic militants have army of 200,000, claims senior Kurdish leader. The Independent. 2014-11-18 [2016-07-14]. （原始内容存档于2016-06-18）.
- ^ Islamic State group battered, but still unbowed in Syria. France 24. 2016-07-06 [2016-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2016-07-06）.
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- ^ 61.0 61.1 61.2 61.3 Tantalizing promises of Bashar al- Assad kill more than 11000 fighters of his forces during 5 months.. SOHR. 2014-12-17 [2016-12-15]. （原始内容存档于2016-12-21）.
- ^ Report: Hezbollah to leave Syria in 2018 to prepare for conflict with Israel. Jewish News Service. [2017-10-25]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-26）.
- ^ Syria war: Russians killed in militant raid in Deir al-Zour. BBC News. 2018-05-27 [2018-06-08]. （原始内容存档于2018-05-31）.
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- ^ At least 82 Kurdish YPG fighters killed in recent clashes with ISIS, Turkish army – ARA News. 2017-04-04 [2017-08-06]. （原始内容存档于2017-07-16）.
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- ^ Syria war has killed more than 350,000 in 7 years: monitor. Mail Online. [2018-04-27]. （原始内容存档于2018-04-08）.
- ^ Report on Syria conflict finds 11.5% of population killed or injured. [2016-07-14]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-13）.
- ^ More than four million Syrian refugees in neighbouring countries, UN says. Telegraph.co.uk. 2015-07-09 [2016-07-14]. （原始内容存档于2016-05-07）.
- ^ Tom Miles. Syria's neighbors now host four million of its refugees, U.N. says. Reuters. 2015-07-09 [2016-07-14]. （原始内容存档于2015-11-28）.
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- ^ Reuters Editorial. Turkish forces shell Syrian air base captured by Kurds. Reuters UK. 2016-02-13 [2016-02-14]. （原始内容存档于2016-12-28）.
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- ^ 阿勒颇之战何以胶着. [2016-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2016-10-02）.
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- ^ More than 215,000 killed in Syria since 2011. 3news.co.nz. [2016-07-14]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-28）.